What Were Huskies Bred For? Original Role, Jobs, History, and More

The Siberian Husky is one heck of a dog with a fascinating history. Originally bred by the Chukchi people of eastern Siberia, they were brought to Alaska in 1908 to serve as working sled dogs. Undeniably, these energetic and powerful pups were quickly recognized for their incredible endurance and stamina and soon became the go-to breed for sled dog racing.

Recent DNA studies show that the Siberian Husky, the Alaskan Malamute, and the Alaskan Husky are all closely related and can be traced back to their Chukotka sled dog ancestors in Siberia. Interestingly, they are genetically separate from the Canadian Eskimo and Greenland Dogs in the Inuit dog group.

These furry friends have also been around for a long time, with a lineage stretching back over 9,500 years. Due to admixture, they have also been found to share significant genetic similarities with the now-extinct Taimyr wolf of North Asia. This likely helped them adapt to the harsh arctic environment in which they were bred.

So, whether you’re a fan of dog racing or love the outdoors, the Siberian Husky is a breed worth considering. Obviously, with their rich history and impressive genetic makeup, they are truly one of a kind.

Evolution and Origins of Huskies

First, the Siberian Husky is not a wolf or a wolf mix but has an ancient lineage dating back 4,000 years.

Originally, the Husky was a companion and working dog for the Chukchi tribe in northern Siberia. They slept in the family dwelling.

The Husky was brought to Alaska in 1909 for All-Alaska Sweepstakes races. They finished third and soon became popular in sled-dog races.

In 1925, a team of Siberian Huskies helped during a diphtheria epidemic in Nome, Alaska, and gained national attention. Leonhard Seppala even toured with his team in New England and won races.

Seppala and others helped get the breed recognized by the AKC in 1930, and the Siberian Husky Club of America was founded in 1938. They remain a beloved and versatile breed today.

Siberian Husky Introduction

The Siberian Husky is a compelling and adored medium-sized working sled dog breed. This type belongs to the Spitz genetic family and is distinguished by its distinct look. It has a double coat that’s heavily furred, has high triangular ears, and striking markings. The Siberian Husky is smaller than the similar-looking Alaskan Malamute.

The Chukchi people of Siberia intentionally raised these dogs, originating in Northeast Asia, for sled pulling and as faithful friends. They are a lively, active, and hardy breed well adapted to the extreme cold and severe circumstances of the Siberian Arctic. During the Nome Gold Rush, a Russian fur merchant called William Goosak imported these dogs to Nome, Alaska.

They were formerly sled dogs for mining operations and journeys over inaccessible terrain.

The Siberian Husky is becoming a popular home pet, beloved for its kind and loyal nature. Yet, they often appear as sled dogs in competitive and recreational mushing competitions. Their agility, endurance, and love of running make them great candidates for this exercise. As a result, they continue to succeed in this area.

Different Types of Huskies and Husky Mixes

Types of Huskies

• Siberian Husky
• Alaskan Husky
• Alaskan Malamute
• Canadian Eskimo Dog
• Sakhalin Husky
• Greenland Dog
• Chinook

Common Husky Mixes

• Husky-German Shepherd mix (Gerberian Shepsky)
• Husky-Labrador Retriever mix (Siberian Retriever)
• Husky-Pit Bull mix (Pitsky)
• Husky-Akita mix (Huskita)
• Husky-Collie mix (Siberian Collie)
• Husky-Golden Retriever mix (Goberian)
• Husky-Rottweiler mix (Rottsky)
• Husky-Australian Shepherd mix (Aussie Husky)
• Husky-Boxer mix (Boxsky)
• Husky-Chow Chow mix (Chusky)

Siberian Husky Fun Fact!

During World War II, the U.S. Army employed Siberian sled dogs in Arctic search and rescue missions to retrieve downed pilots and cargo.

As per K-9 History, search planes and sleds would collaborate to reach the site safely, with a recon plane locating the wreck and finding the best route for the dog sled teams and rescue workers. They would then transport them as close as possible to the site, where the dog sled teams would rescue the injured flyers and retrieve the cargo.

4 Pros and Cons of Owning Siberian Huskies

The Best Food for a Siberian Husky

Gentle Giants dry chicken recipe is complete and balanced dog food, making it perfect for huskies. Plus, it is suitable for all breeds at all stages of life. This dog food contains 22% crude protein and 9% crude fat. These percentages are both excellent and healthy.

The first ingredient in this dog food is chicken meal. It is a good source of protein. After that, pearled barley, brown rice, oatmeal, and peas are also included in the recipe.

Furthermore, several vegetables are added to the recipe as well. Together, they add vitamins, antioxidants, and minerals to dog food. These vegetables include carrots, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, cranberries, blueberries, and apples.

Husky Health Issues

Although the Siberian Husky breed has an average lifespan of 12 to 14 years and can make an ideal pet for many people, including families, prospective owners should consider that purebred Huskies have several canine health problems.

Cataracts

Cataracts are one of the most frequent health issues in Siberian Huskies, affecting roughly 10% of the breed. This disease, usually between 6 and 12 months in a Husky, can lead to blindness later in life. Therefore, a vet should regularly examine your dog’s eyes to detect cataracts early.

Progressive Retinal Atrophy

Progressive retinal atrophy (PRA), in which the retina of a dog’s eye begins to degrade, is another prevalent eye disease in Siberian Huskies. Canine blindness can be caused by cataracts and progressive retinal atrophy, both of which are costly health conditions. The importance of early identification in reducing the severity of these illnesses can’t be overstated.

Corneal Dystrophy

Siberian Huskies suffer from corneal dystrophy, a congenital illness that causes little white spots in their cornea. Huskies suffering from this condition may have opaque or foggy eyesight. There is currently no recognized therapy for corneal dystrophy.

Uveodermatologic Syndrome

Another prevalent eye condition that affects the skin and neurological system is uveodermatologic syndrome. Although the skin reaction to this disease is largely aesthetic, the consequences on the eyes might result in blindness in extreme cases. While difficult to notice, the initial signs are generally redness and poor vision in a Husky’s eyes.

Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia, which is widespread in Siberian Huskies, is one of the most serious health concerns for any dog owner. This illness can cause serious abnormalities in the hip joint, is costly to cure, and is extremely uncomfortable for affected dogs. Hip dysplasia symptoms can help you spot problems early on and lessen their severity in the long term.

Follicular Dysplasia

Another prevalent health issue in Siberian Huskies is follicular dysplasia, which occurs between 3 and 4 months. This disorder can cause aberrant hair growth, hair loss in dogs, and uneven, infectious skin. There is no cure for follicular dysplasia, although some veterinarians will offer special shampoos, antimicrobials, and topical therapies to help control the illness.

Zinc Deficiency

Just like humans, dogs need sufficient zinc in their bodies to remain at optimum health. A zinc deficiency may cause hair loss on Huskies’ feet, elbows, or eye, chin, and lip areas. To alleviate symptoms, zinc supplements may help, but it’s important to consult a vet before adding any to your pet’s diet to avoid an overdose.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is a prevalent health issue in Huskies caused by abnormal thyroid gland output. Weight gain, hair loss, bald areas on the coat, lethargy, and increased sleep are all symptoms of this illness.

Siberian Husky Temperament

Siberian Huskies are a breed of dogs commonly associated with northern regions. They have a reputation for being intelligent but also independent and stubborn. Although they enjoy human companionship, they require gentle, firm training from an early age. Since bred for running, their love for running may occasionally precede their love for their owners. In general, Siberian huskies are friendly towards people, including children.

Most Siberian huskies are social with other dogs, especially ones they grew up with. However, due to their high prey drive, they might chase after cats and other livestock. During warm weather, Siberian huskies might dig to create cooler areas for themselves. While they don’t bark much, they do howl.

How To Take Care of a Siberian Husky

Siberian Huskies can be adorable dogs. However, they aren’t for the faint of heart. They require a lot of care and time to be happy and healthy.

Training

Although highly intelligent, they are also independent thinkers, so consistent, positive training throughout their lives is crucial. To handle their boundary-testing tendencies, a firm but fair approach is necessary. Yelling or punishing your dog can damage your relationship and hinder its training progress. If you are a new owner or lack experience with this breed, seeking guidance from an accredited trainer could be beneficial.

Since Huskies are social animals, they thrive on human company. With proper socialization from an early age, they should be confident dogs that enjoy meeting new people and dogs. However, this also means that they do not make good guard dogs, like rottweilers.

Huskies do not do well when left alone and ideally need a home where someone is always present to keep them company. The breed is prone to separation anxiety, so even short periods of alone time may be difficult for them.

Exercise

If you’re considering getting a Husky, it’s important to know that they are incredibly active dogs requiring plenty of exercise. In fact, they have heaps of energy and are the ideal pet for adventure-loving owners who enjoy the great outdoors. However, to provide them with the exercise they need, you’ll need plenty of space and a secure garden for them to play in, with ample room to run.

To meet your Husky’s exercise needs, it’s recommended that they get a minimum of two hours of activity every day. This should be spread across the day, and it’s important to vary your walking routes to ward off boredom. Additionally, your Husky will benefit from off-lead exercise in a secure area, lots of playtimes with you, and free time in the garden, alongside regular training sessions.

It’s important to be cautious during the summer, as Huskies have thick coats that can easily cause them to overheat. It’s crucial to watch them for signs of heatstroke and avoid exercising them during the hottest parts of the day. Instead, early mornings and evenings are likely the best times for long walks and runs.

Grooming

Huskies shed a lot! Bred for cold and snowy environments, they have a thick double coat that keeps them warm but also causes them to shed more than other dogs. This shedding is especially noticeable in spring and autumn, and you’ll need to brush your Husky a few times a week to keep their coat in good condition.

If you’re planning to give your Siberian Husky a bath, you may want to consider taking them to a professional groomer. Their large size and abundant fur can make it challenging to give them a bath at home.

Siberian Huskies and Kids

Provided that your Husky is well socialized, they will take pleasure in the company of children (mainly because they love company!). However, we would not recommend getting a Husky if you have smaller children due to their size and strength since they could accidentally knock them over. Instead, they are better suited for households with teenagers or adults.

Supervising your Husky when they are around children and vulnerable adults is important to prevent any accidents. Even though they enjoy being around people, they can sometimes become too enthusiastic and boisterous, which can be unexpected for individuals unfamiliar with the breed.

Dogs Similar to the Siberian Husky

Several breeds are similar to the Siberian Husky, many of which people often mistake are commonly mistaken for this popular breed. The Alaskan Malamute is slightly larger than a Siberian Husky and looks extremely similar. Many of its temperament traits are the same, too. Simply put, it’s a husky in a bigger body.

The Samoyed is another similar breed. This one has a thick, fluffy coat and a rather playful personality. They’re smaller than Siberian Huskies, as well. They were originally bred for sledding, as well.

Canadian Eskimo dogs are larger and more powerful than Siberian Huskies. They’re a rare breed originally used for similar purposes as the husky.

The Greenland Dog is another rare breed similar to the Siberian Husky. This breed looks and acts like a husky. However, they’re larger and more muscular. They survive very harsh conditions and are known for their strength.

The Finnish Spitz is not a sled dog like the Siberian Husky. However, they are a spitz-breed that shares many characteristics with the husky. They have thick, reddish-gold coats and are extremely loyal.

Did you enjoy learning what Huskies were bred for? Learn the breeding history of the pit bull, Great Dane, and Chihuahua as well.

The photo featured at the top of this post is © iStock.com/TRAVELARIUM