There are two main types of temperate forest, which are deciduous forests and evergreen forests. Deciduous forests can appear to be empty, lifeless places in winter when there are no leaves on the trees but come spring, these forests are bursting with life. Deciduous forests tend to be found in the Northern Hemisphere, in parts of Europe, Japan and North America.
Evergreen forests differ from deciduous forests as the trees don’t lose their leaves in the autumn. The evergreen forests are generally seen in warmer climates in southern Europe, South Africa, South America and parts of southern Australia. Evergreen forests tend to have a more varied range of wildlife than the deciduous forests.
A wide variety of animals inhabit these regions of temperate forests around the world including mammals, reptiles, birds and numerous different species of insect. Deer, squirrels and wild boars are the most commonly seen mammals in the deciduous forests, along with birds that nest in the trees. In the far eastern deciduous forests, amphibians such as salamanders can be found in the leaf-litter, and reptiles such as lizards are commonly spotted in the trees.
The wildlife in the evergreen forests, differs greatly from the wildlife in the deciduous forests, mainly due to the fact that food is plentiful in evergreen forests all year round. Lizards and snakes are commonly spotted inhabiting these forests, along with numerous amphibians, birds and insects. In the Australian evergreen forests, marsupials such as koalas and possums can also be found.
It thought that these temperate forests once covered huge areas of the Northern Hemisphere but today the areas of remaining natural forest are few and far between. The main reason for the drastic decline in forests is deforestation, as the trees are cut down for wood (known as logging), or when parts of the forest are cleared to make room for agriculture.
