The 11 Most Sustainable Meats

Chinatown BBQ
Keshishian/iStock via Getty Images

Written by Patrick MacFarland

Published: April 2, 2024

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Climate change is real in the world we live in. Nations and corporations, as well as ordinary people around the world, are doing their part to combat climate change. By reducing harmful carbon emissions from traveling by public transport, there are myriad ways to ensure that climate change is slowed down. One of the things that is considered environmentally friendly is cutting down the amount of meat that you eat. You see, certain meats on this planet require a lot more things to produce.

For example, beef requires more land, more fertilizer, more pesticides, and more water. When you multiply it by the number of people who want beef, it becomes an environmental problem facing this planet. On the other hand, certain meats are quite environmentally friendly. Let’s take a look at the 11 most sustainable meats in the world.

Snail

Spicy French snails, escargot cooked with butter, parsley, lemon and garlic close-up on a plate. horizontal

As you can already guess, it doesn’t really take much to farm snails. Called heliciculture, it doesn’t require much land or much water than other meats out there. It is not as carbon-intensive, either. According to Shrink That Footprint, a research website that promotes sustainable living, snail farming has a carbon footprint of 0.73 kilograms CO2eq/kg.

Duck

Healthy salad with duck meat, orange and vegetables. Chinese food - duck salad with citrus and fresh dressing. Sliced duck meat with crispy vegetables and pine nuts

Eating duck can be good for you and has a lot of protein.

Like other birds, duck farming is quite sustainable. It’s more environmentally friendly, it is economically sound, and many duck farmers hone in on ensuring that ducks get organic food. A lot less water and land is required, and the carbon footprint of duck farming is drastically low, too.

Rabbit

fresh red whole rabbit meat top view

This animal is an excellent source of protein that can be revolutionary in our diets in the future.

Rabbits could be extremely sustainable because, one, they do not require a lot of space, and two, it is quite easy to have more as they multiply quite rapidly. Rabbit farms also require less water, which is a big plus.

Goat

Fresh goat meat from the farm

Goat meat is healthier and more lean than beef.

Livestock can contribute anywhere between 7% to 18% of the bad carbon emissions, but goats contribute much less (about 4%). Why? These animals require less space, they can kill the bad weeds on the farm, and they require less water, too. Overall, goat meat can be quite sustainable.

Venison

venison steak, sous vide cooking

Eating venison ensures you have lower cholesterol and gives great sources of several nutrients including iron and zinc.

Deer are usually raised in an environment where they get to roam around freely and get to eat what they wish. It’s peaceful every day until the end. The required carbon footprint is also low, which means that eating venison isn’t a bad idea if you want to be more sustainable. Venison is also healthier than beef.

Guinea Hens

Baked guinea fowl on a rustic background

These social birds are native to Africa.

Guinea hens, or guinea fowl, are similar to chickens, and raising them in an environment where they can eat what they want and where they can roam around freely, can be quite sustainable. They also require low maintenance, which is great for the farmer. This can also provide farmers with a steady income without a lot of cost. It’s a win-win situation for all.

Ostrich

Ostrich fillet

Eating ostrich can be good for you in terms of cholesterol and fat levels.

A lot of people recently have been saying that ostrich meat is the way of the future. Ostrich meat is healthier, leaner, and more environmentally friendly. Ostrich farms require less water, less animal feed, and less land. All of this is perfect for the environment.

Python

A pieces of fresh snake meat after cut it with a sharp knife, prepare for cooking snake meat.

There are thousands of python farms located in Asia.

This one might surprise you, but in a world where food security in the future could be a problem, this one might end up being a good idea. Places in Africa and Asia already eat snakes. This is not a new concept, but it needs some getting used to. Python farms have started to increase throughout the globe, and it’s extremely sustainable and cost-effective to farm, too. Eating python is a good source of protein and low in fat, too. The way of the future could be eating python, indeed.

Seafood

Baltic herring seafood. Salted herring fish in a bowl with spices and herbs. Wood background.

Eating seafood can significantly improve your health in a myriad of ways.

The clearest thing that should be stressed when seafood is concerned is that not all seafood is extremely sustainable. Certain ones have a lower environmental impact than others. Remember that overfishing occurs throughout the entire world. So what is the best seafood to buy? Usually, any seafood where there isn’t much of a carbon footprint. Herring and anchovies are good options to look out for at the supermarket, as well as farmed mollusks.

Turkey

Whole Homemade Thanksgiving Turkey

President John F. Kennedy was the first to pardon a turkey in 1963.

Poultry requires significantly fewer resources than beef or pork. If you are looking for sustainable meat in the poultry family, look no further than turkey. A Thanksgiving favorite, turkeys are often able to roam around freely in farms, instead of being cooped up in cages. This affects everything — from sustainability to buying at the grocery store to how it tastes when you take a bite. Turkeys also have a significantly less carbon footprint than beef, pork, or lamb.

Chicken

chicken meat

The most sustainable meat on the planet is chicken.

Drum roll, please! Scientists and environmental experts agree that the most environmentally friendly meat on the planet is chicken. Of course, there are several key points with that proclamation. These chickens have to be able to graze around freely and they need to eat whatever is on the ground, too. What does this mean? They can’t be cooped up in cages. If these chickens are organically-fed and pasture-raised, then they require much less water, and land, and the carbon footprint is drastically lowered.


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About the Author

Patrick Macfarland is a writer at A-Z Animals primarily covering travel, geography, and history. Patrick has been writing for more than 10 years. In the past, he has been a teacher and a political candidate. He holds a Bachelor's Degree in Political Science from SDSU and a Master's Degree in European Union Studies from CIFE. From San Diego, California, Patrick loves to travel and try new recipes to cook.

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