Iris Flowers: Meaning, Symbolism, and Proper Occasions

Beautiful yellow fleur-de-lis, Iris flower, isolated on black background.
© LarisaL/iStock via Getty Images

Written by Heather Hall

Updated: October 7, 2023

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Iris flowers are a stunning and versatile flower with deep symbolism. The iris is the national flower of France, representing faith, hope, wisdom, and valor. Irises can come in a variety of colors, such as blue, yellow, white, and purple, each color having its own unique meaning associated with it.

Different Colors of Iris Flowers and Their Symbolic Meaning

Wild iris blossom along Peak to Peak Highway. Scenic Byway is in Colorado. Flower's nicknames include Rocky Mountain Iris and Western Blue Flag.

In iris symbolism, the color purple means royalty and wisdom.

©Florence-Joseph McGinn/Shutterstock.com

Iris flowers come in a variety of colors, each with its own symbolic meaning. The most common color is purple, which symbolizes royalty, wisdom, respect, and admiration. Blue irises represent faith, hope, and courage. White irises symbolize purity and innocence, while yellow irises symbolize joy and friendship.

Pink irises represent gentleness, and orange irises symbolize passion. Light lavender irises represent enchantment and admiration, while green irises symbolize peace and tranquility. Finally, black or brown irises represent strength and stability.

No matter what color iris you choose, they all have a special meaning. They are perfect for expressing your feelings to someone, whether it’s a friend, family member, or even a romantic partner. You can also use them to decorate your home or garden or give them as a gift to someone special.

Irises are also the national flower of France and are widely used in bridal bouquets. They are a favorite in wedding ceremonies and are associated with loyalty and faithfulness. They also appear in artwork and literature, often symbolizing a connection between the physical and spiritual realms.

No matter the occasion, you can use iris flowers to express love, joy, and appreciation. Their beautiful colors can bring joy to any room, and their symbolic meaning is sure to bring a smile to the recipient.

Iris Symbolism Around the World

Yellow and violet beared iris flowers growing in a garden

When it comes to iris symbolism, yellow means friendship and joy.

©Krzysztof Bubel/Shutterstock.com

People have admired and sought after iris flowers for centuries, and the symbolism and meaning of these stunning blooms vary from culture to culture.

In France, irises are a symbol of faith, hope, and courage. The iconic fleur-de-lis that was widely used by French royalty is actually inspired by the yellow iris flower. During the Middle Ages, this unique symbol was on coins, coats of arms, and shields, as it symbolizes victory, bravery, and strength.

In China, the iris flower is associated with wealth and power. It is also a representation of spring, vitality, and transformation, often likened to a butterfly due to its wing-like petals. Historically, the Chinese have put irises in their homes for protection from negative energy.

In Ancient Egypt, people associated the iris with the goddess Isis, and it was a sign of protection and strength. To guard kings as they passed away, Egyptians used to put these flowers on their graves as a mark of respect.

In Ancient Greece, the three petals of the iris flower represented faith, wisdom, and courage. In Greek mythology, Iris was a messenger of the Gods who used rainbows to travel between Heaven and Earth. This is why this flower symbolizes communication; the word “eiris” in Greek means “messenger,” which is where the flower gets its name.

The iris flower is also highly revered by many people in Japan. In the language of flowers, the iris is the “flower of friendship,” and in Japan, it is often used to mark special occasions such as weddings and anniversaries. It is also believed to bring good luck and prosperity.

Different Occasions to Give Iris Flowers as a Gift

Beautiful Dutch iris

Beautiful Dutch irises are white and are a symbol of innocence.

©ouchi_iro/iStock via Getty Images

Irises are beautiful and fragrant flowers that can make a great gift for a variety of occasions. Whether you’re looking for a special way to show your appreciation to a loved one or a unique way to commemorate a special event, iris flowers are a great way to express your feelings. Here are some occasions when an arrangement or bouquet of iris flowers would make a wonderful gift.

  • Birthdays: Celebrate a loved one’s special day with a beautiful bouquet of yellow iris flowers. It’s sure to bring a smile to their face!
  • Anniversaries: Show your spouse, family member, or friend how much you appreciate them with a thoughtful arrangement of lavender iris flowers. Irises are the marriage gift celebrating 25 years of wedded bliss. This makes them the perfect 25-year anniversary present.
  • Graduations: Congratulate a graduate on their accomplishments with a cheery bouquet of blue iris flowers.
  • Holidays: Brighten up the holiday season with a festive bouquet of orange iris flowers.
  • Home Decor: The iris flower is easy to grow and can thrive in a variety of settings. It adds brightness and vibrancy to a space when potted indoors or planted in a garden.

How to Arrange Iris Flowers in a Bouquet

Blooming Iris on a white

In the world of iris symbolism, pink signifies gentleness and tenderness.

©TatianaMironenko/iStock via Getty Images

When choosing an arrangement or bouquet of iris flowers, there are a few things to consider. If you’re giving the flowers as a gift, choose a bouquet that’s the appropriate size for the occasion. Consider the recipient’s favorite colors and their favorite flower varieties. Additionally, be sure to choose a bouquet that has been freshly cut and will last for several days. With the right selection, you’re sure to bring a smile to the recipient’s face!

When it comes to creating the perfect bouquet, irises make a great base. They offer a beautiful, delicate look with a hint of regality, and they come in a variety of colors, making them easy to incorporate into many different styles.

To complete your bouquet, consider adding other flowers. Roses are a popular choice, and they come in many colors as well. Baby’s breath, carnations, and daisies all add a soft, delicate touch to the arrangement. For a bolder look, try adding lilies, sunflowers, or gladiolus.

To arrange your bouquet, start by placing the irises in the center. Then, add the other flowers around them, creating a full, lush look. Try adding different colors for contrast and visual interest. Be sure to keep the stems approximately the same length so the bouquet looks even.

Tips for Keeping Iris Flowers Fresh in a Vase

Beautiful yellow fleur-de-lis, Iris flower, isolated on black background.

If you are interested in iris symbolism, you will be happy to learn orange irises stand for passion.

©LarisaL/iStock via Getty Images

  1. Always use clean water and change it every other day. This will help keep the water fresh and prevent bacteria buildup.
  2. Cut the stems of the iris flowers at least ¼ inch each day. This will ensure they have a clear path for taking up water.
  3. Place the vase in a cool, well-ventilated area. Direct sunlight and high temperatures can cause the flowers to wilt quickly.
  4. Add floral preservatives to the water. These can help keep the water fresh and provide nutrients to the flowers.
  5. Remove any leaves that fall below the water line. This will help reduce the risk of bacteria forming in the water.
  6. Place a few drops of bleach in the water to keep the water clean and prevent bacteria growth.
  7. Add a few drops of lemon juice to the water. This can help keep the flowers fresh and hydrated.
  8. Trim off any wilted or dead petals or leaves. Doing this will ensure only healthy flowers are in the vase.
  9. Place a few drops of sugar in the water. This can help the flowers last longer.
  10. Remember that iris flowers are deadly to cats, even in tiny amounts. Keep these blooms, and even their pollen, far away from your beloved feline companions.

Types of Iris Flowers

Black blooming Iris

People who are interested in iris symbolism know that black irises mean stability and strength.

©MalikaMisirpashaeva/iStock via Getty Images

Iris is a genus of flowering plants that includes numerous species, ranging from the large and showy to the small and delicate. They have colorful blooms and paper-thin petals.

Irises are resilient flowers that will bloom annually, usually during late winter or early spring. They grow from an underground rhizome and come back year after year.

The most popular species of iris is the bearded iris, which is a tall, dramatic flower with large, ruffled petals and a “beard” of fuzzy hairs along the center. Other species of iris include the Siberian iris, which has thin, wiry stems and smaller flowers, and the Japanese iris, which grows in marshy areas and has long, thin petals. Another favorite is the Louisiana iris, which is native to the southeastern United States and has large, showy blooms.

Dwarf varieties of iris are becoming increasingly popular among gardeners. These varieties, such as the Fairy Tale and Miniature Dwarf iris, are well-suited to smaller gardens and containers. They tend to have smaller flowers and shorter stems than other species but often have an abundance of blooms.

Summary of Iris Symbolism

Iris ColorIris Symbolism and Meaning
PurpleRoyalty, wisdom, respect, admiration
BlueFaith, hope, courage
WhiteInnocence, purity, righteousness
YellowFriendship, joy, delight
PinkGentleness, tenderness, compassion
OrangePassion, love, adoration
Light LavenderEnchantment, esteem, affection
GreenPeace, tranquility, harmony
Black or BrownStrength, stability, power


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About the Author

Heather Hall is a writer at A-Z Animals, where her primary focus is on plants and animals. Heather has been writing and editing since 2012 and holds a Bachelor of Science in Horticulture. As a resident of the Pacific Northwest, Heather enjoys hiking, gardening, and trail running through the mountains with her dogs.

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