Bird of Paradise Flowers: Meaning, Symbolism, and Proper Occasions

Bird of paradise (Strelitzia reginae) is a tropical plant with a vibrant flower that resembles the head of forest birds called birds-of-paradise. Native to South Africa, the plant thrives in tropical and even subtropical climates. 

This flower is part of the Strelitziaceae family and is often called the “crane flower” due to its stature.  While it grows best outdoors in warm, humid climates, it can be kept as a houseplant, adding a pop of color to the room. That means you can still enjoy this gorgeous plant even if you live in a cold climate.

Similar to its name, bird of paradise plants symbolize paradise, freedom, and joy. The evergreen perennial holds various meanings across different religions and cultures. For example, in ancient Egypt and Greek mythology, it represents fertility and rebirth. In Hinduism, it embodies protection.

Today, many view bird of paradise plants as celebratory flowers or expressions of love. Its vibrant colors and unique petals add character to the space it inhabits. There are different types of bird of paradise plants, some more colorful than others. Most, however, boast gorgeous, bright blooms that contribute to a tropical aesthetic.

Keep reading to learn more about what bird of paradise plants symbolize and some special occasions they’re often used for. 

What Is a Bird of Paradise Flower?

The tropical perennial bird of paradise is an exotic flower that blooms in tropical and subtropical environments, performing best in USDA Hardiness Zones 10-12 (and sometimes Zone 9 if given the proper protection and care). 

These plants are evergreen (meaning they retain their leaves throughout the year) and prefer warmth and humidity. There are five species of bird of paradise flowers, but each goes by the same name.

Appearance

Bird of paradise flowers resembles the actual bird-of-paradise, a species of bird that lives in the tropical forests of Australia and surrounding islands. Male bird-of-flowers have bright feathers that line their bodies. 

The bird of paradise plant boasts flowers that look just like the bird in flight (especially its head, with part of the flowers appearing like beaks). The flowers are typically bright in color, with three vibrant petals emerging from large, boat-shaped bracts.

Related to the banana plant, another tropical plant, it can grow quite large, up to 4 to 6 feet in height (1.2 to 1.8 meters) and up to 5 feet in width (1.5 meters). However, there is a species called the giant bird of paradise, which can grow up to 30 feet tall. The plant can produce up to 36 flower spikes annually.

Native Habitat

Bird of paradise plants are native to South Africa (specifically its subtropical coastal areas). As part of the Strelitziaceae family, this flower has been naturalized in North, Central, and South America. It is known as the national flower of Portugal.

Growing Tips

While bird of paradise flowers are relatively easy to grow and maintain, they love lots of natural sunlight — especially when grown indoors. Even so, they can tolerate partial shade. 

The flower thrives in warm and humid environments and like plenty of water. However, it’s best to let the soil dry almost completely before watering again, as they are susceptible to root rot (mainly if grown in a pot). This means well-draining soil is best for them.

Bird of paradise flowers take years to mature and bloom. In fact, you might need to grow your plant for up to four years before you reap the bright, vibrant blooms that give it its name. The flower prefers a temperature range of 65 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit. Anything below 55 to 60 degrees Fahrenheit can kill the plant, so you shouldn’t leave it outside during cooler months or even uncharacteristically cold summer nights.

Using the right fertilizer can help bird of paradise plants thrive, as they require many nutrients to continue maturing and eventually bloom. Most experts recommend an organic fertilizer with a balanced 1–1–1 NPK (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) ratio. Fertilize the plant every few months, and prune dead leaves and spent flowers as you notice them.

Can Bird of Paradise Be Grown Outside?

Yes, you can grow bird of paradise flowers outside. In fact, they prefer the humidity and warmth of outdoor tropical and subtropical climates. These plants grow exceptionally well in direct sunlight, which is easier to access outdoors. 

Bird of Paradise Meaning and Symbolism

Bird of paradise plants hold positive meanings due to their bright, cheerful coloring. Read on to learn more about the symbolism of birds of paradise. 

Freedom and Independence

As mentioned earlier, bird of paradise flowers resemble a bird in flight. This is why they’re often associated with freedom and independence. This plant reminds us that, like birds, we are not tied down. We can always break free to explore our endless opportunities. 

Joy and Cheer

The vibrant colors of bird of paradise plants often resemble joy and happiness. Boasting bright yellows, oranges, and reds when in full bloom, the flower offers a sense of cheer to whatever space it’s growing in. 

Paradise and Bliss

Much like its name, bird of paradise plants represent paradise — whatever that might look like to you. What’s your version of bliss? Maybe it’s a rainy day indoors with a mug of coffee, or perhaps it’s a warm island getaway with your partner. Whatever the case, this flower offers us a slice of paradise with its gorgeous-colored blooms.

Good Fortune and Abundance

Many cultures view bird of paradise plants as a symbol of prosperity and luck. Its bright flowers and bold appearance embody positivity and good fortune coming your way.

Creativity and Artistry

Many artists are inspired by the beauty of bird of paradise plants, using it as a muse for their drawings, paintings, or other pieces of work. This is why the flower is often associated with creativity and artistic endeavors.  

Love and Loyalty

As the official flower of the ninth wedding anniversary, the bird of paradise signifies deep romantic love and commitment. Many believe the plant represents faithfulness and loyalty, making it the perfect bouquet for lovers.

Excitement and Passion

It’s hard not to feel excited when you see the stunning, exotic bird of paradise plant. The flower exudes positivity and can fuel any sort of passion or anticipation that lives within you. This makes it the perfect gift for any kind of celebration or career milestone.

Fertility and Rebirth

In ancient Egypt, many viewed birds of paradise as symbols of fertility and rebirth. Additionally, in Greek mythology, it’s said that Aphrodite, the goddess of love and beauty, gave birth to her son from the petals of the bird of paradise plant. 

Patience and Hope

This flower can symbolize patience because of how long it takes to bloom (up to four years!) In other words, you must practice patience and have faith in the process if you want to reap the benefits of its gorgeous, vibrant flowers. Nurturing the plant and providing it with a safe, warm environment to thrive in will reward you with beautiful blossoms.

Protection and Support

In Hinduism, this exotic plant is said to protect recipients from evil spirits or harm. In fact, Vishnu, the Hindu god of preservation, transformed into a bird of paradise to protect his wife, Lakshmi. Lakshmi was known as the goddess of wealth, fortune, fertility, and prosperity.

Spiritual Significance

Spiritually, birds of paradise represent heaven (paradise) on Earth. Many believe the plant’s long stem represents spiritual ascension, while the flower petals symbolize spiritual freedom. Some of the brighter-colored birds of paradise also resemble healing and strength.

Bird of Paradise Proper Occasions

Bird of paradise plants make the perfect gifts or decor for various events and celebrations. Here are some of the most widely-known proper occasions for the flower.

Weddings

If you’re planning a seaside wedding or destination wedding in a tropical location, using birds of paradise as decor will give you a unique and exotic touch. Whether you use them as centerpieces or bouquets, these bright flowers will spark joy on your big day.

Ninth Anniversary

As mentioned earlier, the bird of paradise plant is the official flower of the ninth wedding anniversary. If you’ve been with your lover for nine years (even if you’re not married), gifting them a bouquet of this gorgeous blooming flower can remind them of your love and loyalty. 

Birthdays

A birthday is yet another milestone that deserves positive attention. What better way to celebrate than with birds of paradise? Not only will the plant radiate happiness and bliss, but it will also serve as a token of appreciation for the recipient. Buy a bouquet or houseplant for your loved one on their birthday to express your gratitude and love for them. 

Baby Shower

Because of its association with fertility and rebirth, birds of paradise make great gifts for baby showers and expecting moms. The bright, celebratory flower will illicit excitement for the future and pay tribute to new life, manifesting good luck and prosperity for the family. You can use it as decor for the event or buy a bouquet for the new mom to place on her kitchen counter at home — a dose of anticipation.

Housewarmings

If a loved one recently moved to a new home, gift them a bird of paradise houseplant to brighten up their space. No matter what color you get, the gorgeous flower will add a dose of beauty and paradise to the home. Thankfully, the plant does well indoors, so long as it gets enough sun and the temperature doesn’t fall below 65 degrees Fahrenheit.

Career Success

Whether it’s a promotion, job offer, or new business pursuit, any type of career achievement or milestone deserves to be celebrated. If a loved one recently moved up in their career, you can express your pride in and happiness for them by purchasing birds of paradise for their office or home. 

Whether you’re buying a bird of paradise flower for your sister’s baby shower, best friend’s housewarming party, or ninth anniversary with your partner, the stunning and exotic flower can make any day brighter. You don’t need a special occasion to enjoy this plant’s vibrant blooms. Add a tropical touch to your space with a bouquet, potted plant, or seeds to grow in your garden. However, make sure to keep the plant away from children and pets, as it can be toxic to humans, cats, and dogs.

The photo featured at the top of this post is © SaskiaAcht/Shutterstock.com