Why Do Rats Even Exist? Discover Their Purpose in the Environment

Written by Lisa Bohler
Updated: November 15, 2023
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Rats are a vital part of the animal ecosystem.

Rats exist to help maintain a healthy ecosystem for all other living creatures.

©M. Leonard Photography/Shutterstock.com

Rats exist as part of the rodent family. There are 2,000 species of rodents around the world, including rats, squirrels, gophers, and prairie dogs. If you ask people what they think of rodents, they normally think of rats. If you ask most people what they think of rats, you will hear a list of their bad qualities. Rats are not the most loved animals on the planet, partially because they carry diseases, smell, and try to invade your homes.

Rats are intelligent creatures that prefer living near humans to being near a food supply and shelter. Their long, hairless tails unsettle many people, but their tales help the rats regulate their body temperature. Maybe people would change their minds about rats if they knew more about them and what they do for the ecosystems they live in.

Why do Rats Exist?

Rats help keep the animal ecosystem in balance.

Rats dine on things that humans are discarding. They will eat plant and animal foods. Having the rats scavenge and consume much of the food discarded in cities helps to keep the odor of rotting food from becoming intolerable.

Rodents use paper, cardboard, and other items that we discard to build and line the nests for their young. Rats eat various plants and animals, depending on where they live and what opportunities present themselves. Insects, frogs, discarded food, fish, cockroaches, beetles, and other insects are all food sources for rats. By eating the insects, the rats help control the population and maintain balance in the world around them.

As A FoodSource

Rat snakes rely on rodents like rats and mice for food.

Rats are food sources for many other animals, like the rat snake.

©Rusty Dodson/Shutterstock.com

Many snakes and lizards prey on rats and mice. A healthy rat population is required to provide the animals that prey on the rodents with plenty of food. Each animal serves a purpose for the ecosystem. If the rats did not exist, animals that feed on the rats would become extinct.

Animals That Prey On Rats

1. Hawks, Eagles, and Falcons
2. Owls and Herons
3. Foxes
4. Snakes
5. Some Lizards
6. Bobcats
7. Weasels
8. Skunks
9. Cats
10. Mongoose
11. Coyotes, Wolves and wild dogs

Rats Exist to Spread Seeds

Plants and trees are replanted by rats who eat their seeds or bury seeds and nuts for future meals.

Rodents like rats scatter seeds and give trees and plants opportunities to grow in new places.

©Matias Lynch/Shutterstock.com

Rats and other rodents love seeds. First, they eat the seeds and travel, depositing them in new areas in the rat’s droppings. Second, they hoard items and create stockpiles to eat when food is scarce. They often bury seeds and nuts to eat later. Germination occurs if the seed or nut is not retrieved soon enough, and new trees and plants sprout.

Rats Exist to Help Aerate Soil

Rats exist to improve the world they live in. When they dig their burrows, they turn the soil over, and the leaf matter and droppings on top of the soil get worked deep into the ground. The aerated ground provides the roots of grasses, trees, and all other plants with the nutrients they need to thrive. Aeration of the soil also adds oxygen to the plant’s soil.

Rodents like rats are designed to live in burrows and have the claws to dig and turn the soil easily. All living things have a purpose, and each helps other living things thrive and survive.

Rats Spread Good Fungus

Wild rodents live in underground burrows which helps them to redistribute healthy fungi spores.

Wild rodents redistribute healthy fungus spores, which increase nutrients in the forest.

©Stanick/Shutterstock.com

Fungus distribution is another reason why rats and rodents exist. This is crucial to the health of the habitat because some seeds require the fungi spores to be present before they can germinate. Some good fungi are found underground, like the fungi in truffles, and rely on rats and rodents to distribute them to other locations.

Rats exist because they have specific characteristics and abilities that are beneficial to the health of the environment they live in. Therefore, our world is healthier because rats and rodents are part of it.

Summary of Why Rats Exist and Their Purpose in the Environment

Rats help clean up food waste created by humans.
Rats are a primary food source for many other animals.
Rodents like rats help to aerate the soil and keep it healthy.
Rodents like rats help to aerate the soil and keep it healthy.
Wild rodents redistribute good fungus spores that help forests grow.

The photo featured at the top of this post is © Eric Isselee/Shutterstock.com


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About the Author

Lisa Bohler is a writer for A-Z Animals, where her primary focus is on mammals, amphibians, and reptiles. Lisa has been writing and researching animals for over 12 years and holds a Bachelor's Degree in English and Creative Writing from Liberty University, which she earned in 2021. A resident of Texas, Lisa enjoys fishing, gardening, and caring for the animals on her small hobby farm.

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