R
Species Profile

Redbone Coonhound

Canis lupus familiaris

Red coat. Cold nose. Big bay.
Sierra M Long/Shutterstock.com

Redbone Coonhound Distribution

Click a location to explore more animals from that region

Origin Location

This map shows the native origin of the Redbone Coonhound. As a domesticated species, they are now found worldwide.

Loading map...

Size Comparison

Human 5'8"
Redbone Coonhound 2 ft

Redbone Coonhound stands at 35% of average human height.

Redbone Coonhound close-up

At a Glance

Domesticated
Also Known As Redbone, Redbone Hound, Redbone Coon Dog, Redbone Coon
Diet Omnivore
Activity Crepuscular+
Lifespan 5 years
Weight 32 lbs
Status Not Evaluated
Did You Know?

The breed name traces to Peter Redbone, an early Tennessee breeder; "red bone" became a nickname for his red hounds.

Scientific Classification

The Redbone Coonhound is an American scenthound dog breed developed for trailing and treeing game (notably raccoons). It is known for a solid red coat, strong scenting ability, and endurance in varied terrain.

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Carnivora
Family
Canidae
Genus
Canis
Species
Canis lupus familiaris

Distinguishing Features

  • Solid red coat (often rich mahogany) with short, sleek hair
  • Long, pendulous ears and hound head shape
  • Athletic, medium-to-large scenthound build with endurance for long trails
  • Strong scent-trailing behavior; characteristic hound bay when on a track

Physical Measurements

Males and females differ in size

Height
♂ 2 ft 1 in (1 ft 10 in – 2 ft 3 in)
♀ 1 ft 12 in (1 ft 9 in – 2 ft 2 in)
Length
♂ 3 ft 10 in (3 ft 6 in – 4 ft 2 in)
Weight
♂ 60 lbs (44 lbs – 71 lbs)
♀ 55 lbs (44 lbs – 64 lbs)
Tail Length
♂ 1 ft 4 in (1 ft 2 in – 1 ft 6 in)
Top Speed
30 mph
running

Appearance

Primary Colors
Red
Secondary Colors
Skin Type Short, smooth, close-lying coat with moderately loose hound skin and ear leather.
Distinctive Features
  • Domesticated dog breed (Canis lupus familiaris); selectively bred American scenthound for trailing and treeing raccoons.
  • Key identifier: uniform red coat with classic coonhound silhouette (deep chest, tuck-up, athletic frame).
  • Long, low-set pendulous ears that help funnel scent; slightly loose flews typical of scenthounds.
  • Powerful, nose-driven tracking behavior; endurance-oriented build for long hunts over varied terrain.
  • Vocalization: characteristic loud, carrying bay when on scent or treed game.
  • Tail carried high with slight curve; used as a visible "flag" in brush.
  • Health tendencies to monitor: hip dysplasia, ear infections (heavy ears), obesity if under-exercised; bloat risk like many deep-chested breeds.
  • Care requirements: frequent aerobic exercise and scent work; routine ear cleaning/drying, nail/foot care for field work; short coat needs minimal grooming but regular brushing.

Sexual Dimorphism

Sexual dimorphism is mild: males are usually taller, heavier, and broader through head and chest, while females tend to be slightly smaller and finer-boned. Both share the same solid red coat and hound features.

♂
  • Typically larger overall size and heavier bone.
  • Broader skull and more pronounced musculature through shoulders and chest.
♀
  • Slightly smaller, lighter build with a more refined head.
  • Often a narrower chest and less overall mass while maintaining endurance.

Did You Know?

The breed name traces to Peter Redbone, an early Tennessee breeder; "red bone" became a nickname for his red hounds.

Redbones are "trail-and-tree" dogs: they follow ground scent, then locate game and hold it at a tree by baying until the hunter arrives.

A classic identifier is the solid, rich red coat-unlike many coonhounds, Redbones are typically not patterned.

Their long ears help waft scent toward the nose by stirring air currents as the dog moves.

They're built for endurance: a deep chest and efficient gait support long hours of work in heat, humidity, swamps, and hills.

Redbones are known for a musical, carrying "coonhound bay," a working trait used to communicate location and progress on a trail.

They're prominent in American hunting culture and appear in well-known U.S. stories featuring coonhounds and rural life.

Unique Adaptations

  • Specialized scenthound anatomy (large nasal cavity, long muzzle) selected for intense odor detection compared with many non-scenting dog types.
  • Long, pendulous ears and loose facial skin typical of scenthounds, aiding scent capture and retention close to the nose.
  • Athletic, endurance-oriented build (deep chest, strong loin) suited to sustained trotting over rough terrain rather than short sprinting.
  • Coat and skin selected for field work: short, dense hair that sheds debris and dries relatively quickly after wet hunts.
  • A loud, carrying bay intentionally selected as a "working signal" audible over distance and through forest cover.

Interesting Behaviors

  • Nose-to-ground "casting": sweeping side-to-side to reacquire a scent line when it's lost.
  • "Checking" at turns: slowing and re-sniffing where the trail changes direction or crosses other animal paths.
  • Treeing focus: circling the base of a tree, looking up, and baying rhythmically to hold attention on the game's location.
  • Pack cooperation: working alongside other hounds, matching pace and voice to coordinate on a track.
  • Vocal communication: distinct barks/bays that often change when the dog transitions from trailing to locating/at-the-tree.
  • Scent-driven wandering: strong tendency to follow interesting odors, making secure fencing and leash reliability important.
  • Counter-surfing/foraging habits: as athletic, food-motivated dogs, some will opportunistically "hunt" the kitchen if bored.

Cultural Significance

The Redbone Coonhound (Canis lupus familiaris) is an American hunting dog, important in the U.S. South and Appalachia. It trails and trees raccoons at night, bays to call hunters, and is part of rural heritage.

Myths & Legends

Appalachian hunting lore often celebrates the "all-night hound" that will stay treed until dawn-stories told of red hounds holding a single tree through storms or darkness, their bay acting like a beacon for the hunter.

Naming tradition: early accounts link the "Redbone" name to Peter Redbone and his notable red hounds; the surname-and-color story became part of breed lore repeated by hunters and breeders.

Southern folk superstition sometimes treats a hound's bay as an omen-an unusual or persistent baying at night may be said to signal a visitor coming, a change in weather, or something moving on the land.

Redbone Coonhound (Canis lupus familiaris), stories like Where the Red Fern Grows made coonhounds, especially red types, a symbol of loyalty, hard work, courage, and growing up in the country.

Hunting-camp "voice legends": some hunters tell stories of a once-in-a-generation hound whose bay could be recognized anywhere-an inherited, almost musical signature passed down in a line and spoken of like a family heirloom.

Conservation Status

NE Not Evaluated

Has not yet been evaluated against the criteria.

Population Stable

Life Cycle

Birth 7 pups
Lifespan 5 years

Lifespan

In the Wild
2–10 years
In Captivity
9–13 years

Reproduction

Mating System Promiscuity
Social Structure Managed Domestic
Breeding Pattern Transient
Fertilization Managed Selective
Birth Type Internal_fertilization

Redbone Coonhounds are sometimes paired by breeders, but free dogs may mate with multiple partners during heat. Like other dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), eggs are fertilized inside the female; females usually cycle about twice a year and are not seasonal.

Behavior & Ecology

Social Pack Group: 4
Activity Crepuscular, Nocturnal, Diurnal
Diet Omnivore High-protein, meat-forward diets (e.g., poultry or beef-based kibble/wet food; many individuals are strongly food-motivated).

Temperament

Extremely scent-driven trailing and treeing hound; generally less guard-inclined than many breeds.
Persistent nose-to-ground tracker; independence and baying intensity vary by individual and training.
Affectionate, people-oriented, and generally friendly with familiar adults and respectful children.
High prey drive; may chase cats/wildlife without early socialization and strong recall training.
Independent problem-solver; can seem stubborn, responding best to consistent reward-based training.
Energetic endurance athlete; needs daily vigorous exercise plus scent games to prevent restlessness.
Typically sociable with other dogs; may show arousal/frustration when another dog is on a hot trail.
Vocal when excited or on scent; baying can be loud and sustained, especially at night.
Food-motivated; prone to weight gain if activity drops, so measured feeding is important.
Health/care: floppy ears trap moisture; higher risk of otitis-weekly ear checks and drying after swims.
Health/care: moderate risk of hip dysplasia; maintain lean body condition and use low-impact conditioning.
Health/care: deep-chested build can raise bloat risk; avoid hard exercise around meals and use slow feeding.

Communication

Baying howl on trail to broadcast location and progress to handler and dogs
Short, sharp barks when treeing or locating stationary game
Whines and yodel-like sounds during anticipation, confinement, or frustration
Growls and snorts during play, resource tension, or high arousal
Soft grumbles/sighs used in close social contact at home
Scent marking and intensive sniffing to map territory and follow trails
Head-low tracking posture and tail carriage changes signaling trail strength
Treeing behavior: circling, pawing, and looking upward to indicate quarry location
Body leaning, pawing, and nose nudges to request attention or access
Play bows, muzzle licking, and relaxed facial expressions for affiliative signaling

Habitat

Biomes:
Temperate Forest Temperate Grassland Mediterranean Boreal Forest (Taiga) Tundra Alpine Desert Hot Desert Cold Tropical Rainforest Tropical Dry Forest Savanna Freshwater Wetland +7
Terrain:
Hilly Plains Valley Riverine Mountainous Coastal
Elevation: Up to 14763 ft 9 in

Ecological Role

Human-associated mesopredator/omnivorous domestic canid; in working contexts functions as a specialized scent-trailing hunting companion rather than a wild ecological niche occupant.

assists humans in locating and managing nuisance/overabundant wildlife (e.g., raccoon) where legal can contribute to rodent/pest deterrence around human dwellings acts as a companion animal that indirectly supports human wellbeing and activity (exercise/field work)

Diet Details

Main Prey:
Commercially sourced animal proteins Wild game Rodents
Other Foods:
Carbohydrate sources used in domestic diets Vegetable matter Fruits

Human Interaction

Domestication Status

Domesticated

Redbone Coonhound (Canis lupus familiaris) is a U.S. scenthound bred to trail and "tree" game, especially raccoons. It has a strong nose, high endurance, a solid red coat, and a baying voice to show location. People keep them as pets and hunting partners; unmet drives can cause barking or shelter surrender.

Danger Level

Low
  • Bite/scratch risk if fearful, in pain, poorly socialized, or handled improperly (as with any dog)
  • High prey/scent drive can lead to bolting and pulling-risk of knocking over children or causing handler falls
  • Baying/vocalization can create nuisance conflicts rather than direct physical danger
  • Potential zoonotic risks common to dogs if unvaccinated/untreated (e.g., rabies exposure risk in areas where wildlife rabies exists; intestinal parasites) and tick-borne disease carriage from outdoor activity
  • Breed-relevant health concerns that affect handling/care: ear infections (pendulous ears), hip dysplasia, hypothyroidism, eye issues, and risk of bloat/GDV in deep-chested dogs; heat stress risk during long exertion in hot weather

As a Pet

Suitable as Pet

Legality: Generally legal to own as a pet in most jurisdictions where domestic dogs are permitted; subject to standard animal control rules (licensing, vaccination, leash laws). Breed-specific bans are uncommon for Redbone Coonhounds but local ordinances can vary.

Care Level: Moderate

Purchase Cost: Up to $2,000
Lifetime Cost: $15,000 - $32,000

Economic Value

Uses:
Companion animal ownership Sporting and working dog services Breeding and showing Veterinary and pet care services Equipment and training industry
Products:
  • Hunting/trailing partnership for raccoon and other game (legal, regulated contexts)
  • Scent-work, tracking, and working-dog training services
  • Stud services and registered breeding (e.g., kennel club lines)
  • Pet supplies: secure fencing/containment, long lines, tracking collars (GPS), enrichment and chew items
  • Veterinary care related to hound needs (ear care, orthopedic screening)

Relationships

The Redbone Coonhound dates back to colonial days, but it has since made its way into the hearts of many households. With a loud bark and an energetic disposition, it is easy to tell when this breed is around. They won’t need much maintenance, but they crave tons of mental and physical stimulation from their owners.

As helpful as a few fun facts can be, they don’t tell the entire reality of bringing a Redbone Coonhound home. Here are a few pros and cons to consider before adoption.

3 Pros and Cons of Owning a Redbone Coonhound

ProsCons
Minimal shedding: While the Redbone Coonhound is not hypoallergenic by any means, it won’t have nearly the same shedding as similar breeds do. Highly energetic: This dog needs to get a lot of opportunities for physical exercise, so it may not be suitable for individuals who can’t match this active lifestyle.
Great with kids: Since the Redbone Coonhound is practically a kid itself, it bonds deeply with younger family members. Loves to bark: Redbone Coonhounds tend to sing a fairly happy song when they are hunting, but these noises aren’t so pleasant for neighbors who don’t share their same temperament.
Friendly to other animals: For any home that already has some dogs, this breed can integrate rather well with some time to socialize. Takes some time to train: The mental and physical development of the Redbone Coonhound is slow, so simple commands may take longer to learn.
Redbone Coonhounds dogs playing happily.

The Redbone Coonhound can integrate well into any home that already has dogs.

Evolution and Origins

The Redbone Coonhound was originally brought to the Colonies by Scottish and Irish immigrants. Though the breed itself is American, the Redbone Coonhound is genetically derived from Bloodhounds and Foxhounds.

Size and Weight

Though the stands of the Redbone Coonhound are rather large, the males and females differ slightly. Typically, the male of the breed is larger, standing at 22 to 27 inches tall, measuring from the foot to the shoulder. Females, on the other hand, only measure 21 to 25 inches tall at this same spot. Regardless of gender, the Redbone Coonhound ranges from 45 to 70 lbs when it has reached adulthood.

Common Health Issues

Anyone who adopts a Redbone Coonhound from a rescue or a breeder will be happy to learn that they are rather healthy animals. Due to their long legs, hip dysplasia is one of the most common issues that they’ll come up against. Luckily, the risk is low, though it can cost up to $6,000 to correct. Always check with breeders who can show a medical history of the parents of the puppy, including ratings from the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals and the Canine Eye Registry Foundation.

Others can injure their legs as a result of their energetic jumping and running while hunting. Even coming up against a critter during these escapades can cause a lot of harm. Always look out for a limp or bite after hunting, no matter how slight, and seek out veterinary care immediately.

The floppy ears are a trademark of the Redbone Coonhound, but therein lies another possible health issue: ear infections. Luckily, checking the ears weekly for buildup, mites, and ticks is an easy way to prevent these issues.

Since this dog has such an affinity for good flavors and aromas, one of the other concerns is obesity. Feeding a healthy and steady diet to your pup can make a big difference in preventing this problem, though a treat here and there is safe.

Putting a dog through genetic testing can answer most potential health questions for their future. Plus, with regular care, the lifespan of the Redbone Coonhound typically ranges from 12 to 14 years.

    Redbone coonhound female close-up.

    Checking your Redbone Coonhound’s ears weekly for buildup, mites, and ticks is an easy way to avoid ear infections.

    Temperament

    The love and adoration that families will get from adopting a Redbone Coonhound are almost immeasurable. They are friendly and sensitive, showing their affection to both adults and children alike. They love the mental and physical stimulation that these interactions bring, though their personality sometimes seems to be driven by the need not to be bored. If they don’t get this feedback, their behavior can take a turn for the worse.

    Incredibly vocal, their voice can be a sweet tune to take along during hunting season as you trek back with your latest catch. However, since frequent barking is one of their most common traits, it is best to live in an area that won’t be disrupted by their frequent noise.

    Redbone Coonhounds love mental and physical stimulation and can be driven by the need not to be bored.

    How to Take Care of a Redbone Coonhound

    To keep a puppy healthy, the first step is to find a reliable breeder. While rescue dogs are always in need of a home, bringing this pup to a vet and getting genetic testing can give a more precise idea of what to prepare for.

    Here are a few more ways that you can make your Redbone Coonhound feel more at home.

    The Best Dog Food

    Since the Redbone Coonhound is prone to obesity, careful attention should be paid to their diet. Some owners have success feeding their dog a freeze-dried raw diet. While one feeding a day should be enough, some dogs like to split the food into two meals. Though cottage cheese, cooked eggs, and fresh produce can be appetizing, they should not cover more than 10% of this dog’s diet.

    Drool may be an issue with the Redbone Coonhound. However, the severity of the drool will depend on the shape of their lips, and you’ll probably notice it the most as they gobble up their water. Most often, this pup will start to drool before a meal or if he smells something particularly appetizing in your home, which is called the “Pavlov reflex.”

    Maintenance and Grooming

    With a short and smooth coat, there’s not much that you’ll have to do to keep the Redbone Coonhound groomed. Hounds tend to have their own natural odor, though it won’t bother most owners. Regular bathing can keep this smell under control, but it won’t ever actually go away entirely.

    The shortness of the coat gives a distinct advantage to owners who don’t like dog hair everywhere because this breed’s shedding is minimal (at its worst). With twice-weekly teeth-brushing sessions and weekly ear cleanings, this dog will stay as fresh as can be.

    Training

    The ADD-like demeanor of this dog may conflict directly with all of the training efforts that you put in, but make no mistake — this training is necessary. Getting them involved with other dogs and their favorite humans helps to socialize them, giving them the feedback that they need to regulate their energy. This dog craves mental stimulation, which is why many owners will turn training into a game. With enough patience, even the most distracted Redbone Coonhound will be a beloved family pet.

    Redbone Coonhound dog running out of clear water with a stick in its mouth.

    Redbone Coonhounds require training and need to regulate their energy.

    Exercise

    Due to the strong build of the Redbone Coonhound, the best way to keep their behavior under control is to get them outdoors for some exercise. They like to go on at least one walk or even a jog each day, though they might run off if left alone in a yard for too long. It isn’t that they are disobedient — they just like to run after anything they might hunt.

    While apartment living might work for this pup, they will need to get outside to exercise properly.

    Redbone Coonhound swimming in the pool

    The best way to keep a Redbone Coonhound’s behavior under control is to get them out the door for some exercise.

    Puppies

    When the puppies are under six months old, they’ll need approximately three meals a day. They should not be fed table food to avoid obesity.

    Though these dogs get big rapidly, their mental and physical development is slightly delayed. Still, as eager as they can be to please owners, any amount of patience in their training will be greatly appreciated by their typically sensitive nature.

    Redbone Coonhounds and Children

    Redbone Coonhounds have a phenomenal relationship with children. Their innocent and puppy-like demeanor lasts for years longer than other dogs, and they love to play with their younger household members. While supervision with any dog is necessary for little ones, a little training can make this relationship into a bond that lasts for their entire lifespan. These pups are incredibly loyal, and they’ll do anything to keep the strong bond between their child friends alive.

    Redbone Coonhound dog isolated on white background.

    The Redbone Coonhound’s innocent and puppy-like demeanor lasts for years longer than that of other dogs.

    Dogs Similar to the Redbone Coonhounds

    As beautiful and wonderful as the Redbone Coonhound can be, it isn’t a good match for everyone. Take a look at these breeds for alternatives to the Redbone Coonhound.

    • Bluetick Coonhound: The bluetick coonhound offers the same short hair and size as the Redbone Coonhound. However, the bluetick coonhound is notable for the many spots and markings on its otherwise black coat.
    • Bloodhound: Originally bred to hunt big game, the Bloodhound is slightly larger than the Redbone Coonhound. However, they are much clumsier, and they are best for a home that has young adults (rather than young children or elderly adults).
    • Basset Hound: Also a member of the hound family, the Basset Hound is much shorter but just as sweet. They don’t love to exercise quite as much, but they sure like to indulge in treats whenever (and wherever) they can get them.
    bloodhound running through the grass

    The Bloodhound is slightly larger than the Redbone Coonhound, as well as much clumsier.

    Famous Redbone Coonhounds

    These dogs have been included in books for years, though Where the Red Fern Grows by Wilson Rawls is probably the best place to recall them. Old Dan and Little Ann are the title characters, and they even made their way to the big screen when the film adaptation premiered in 1974.

    Walt Disney Productions has even been responsible for introducing the world to a Redbone Coonhound puppy in The Hound That Thought He Was a Raccoon, which came out in 1960. However, the fact that this breed is often seen as a hunting dog may be why there haven’t been any famous celebrity sightings of the Redbone Coonhound outside of the movies.

    View all 181 animals that start with R

    Sources

    1. Dogtime / Accessed August 12, 2021
    2. Dog Breed List / Accessed August 12, 2021
    3. American Kennel Club / Accessed August 12, 2021
    4. Embrace Pet Insurance / Accessed August 12, 2021
    5. Dogster / Accessed August 12, 2021
    6. Animals Care Tips / Accessed August 12, 2021
    7. Petolog / Accessed August 12, 2021
    Catherine Gin

    About the Author

    Catherine Gin

    Catherine Gin has more than 15 years of experience working as an editor for digital, print and social media. She grew up in Australia with an alphabet of interesting animals, from echidnas and funnel-web spiders to kookaburras and quokkas, as well as beautiful native plants including bottlebrushes and gum trees. Being based in the U.S. for a decade has expanded Catherine's knowledge of flora and fauna, and she and her husband hope to have a hobby farm and vegetable garden in future.

    Thank you for reading! Have some feedback for us?


    Redbone Coonhound FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

    A Redbone Coonhound is a dog with a beautiful red coat, complementing their medium-to-large build. This hound is friendly, though they are known for having attention-deficit disorder, so their training can be a little difficult. Their barking is all meant in good fun, and they love the families that they bond with.