P
Species Profile

Plott Hounds

Canis lupus familiaris

Brindle grit with a hound's nose
Will Hughes/Shutterstock.com

Plott Hounds Distribution

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Origin Location

This map shows the native origin of the Plott Hounds. As a domesticated species, they are now found worldwide.

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Size Comparison

Human 5'8"
Plott Hounds 1 ft 11 in

Plott Hounds stands at 34% of average human height.

Brindled Plott Hound head shot

At a Glance

Domesticated
Diet Omnivore
Activity Diurnal+
Lifespan 13 years
Weight 27 lbs
Status Not Evaluated
Did You Know?

The Plott Hound traces to 18th-century German "Hanover" tracking hounds brought to North Carolina by Johannes Plott and developed for generations in the Appalachians.

Scientific Classification

The Plott Hound is a distinct breed of domestic dog developed in the United States as a strong, athletic scent hound, historically used for trailing and baying large game. It is often categorized among the coonhound-type hunting dogs.

Kingdom
Animalia
Phylum
Chordata
Class
Mammalia
Order
Carnivora
Family
Canidae
Genus
Canis
Species
Canis lupus

Distinguishing Features

  • Scent hound build: athletic, muscular, built for endurance
  • Traditionally valued for strong trailing ability and ‘baying’ voice
  • Often associated with brindle or dark coat patterns (breed-typical)
  • Working-dog temperament: high drive and stamina; benefits from substantial exercise and training

Physical Measurements

Males and females differ in size

Height
♂ 1 ft 11 in (1 ft 8 in – 2 ft 1 in)
♀ 1 ft 10 in (1 ft 8 in – 1 ft 11 in)
Length
♂ 3 ft 10 in (3 ft 5 in – 4 ft 3 in)
♀ 3 ft 5 in (3 ft 1 in – 3 ft 9 in)
Weight
♂ 55 lbs (51 lbs – 60 lbs)
♀ 47 lbs (40 lbs – 55 lbs)
Tail Length
♂ 1 ft 3 in (1 ft 1 in – 1 ft 6 in)
♀ 1 ft 2 in (12 in – 1 ft 4 in)
Top Speed
30 mph
running

Appearance

Primary Colors
Secondary Colors
Skin Type Short, smooth, tight-fitting coat with minimal undercoat; skin generally pigmented and durable but ears can trap moisture.
Distinctive Features
  • Domesticated Canis lupus familiaris breed selectively developed for endurance scent-trailing and baying large game.
  • Athletic, muscular build with deep chest, strong forequarters, and efficient ground-covering stride.
  • Medium-long, low-set pendant ears; high risk of moisture-related ear irritation after hunts/swimming.
  • Brindle coat (striped) is a hallmark compared with many other coonhound-type breeds.
  • Strong scent drive and persistent bay; benefits from secure fencing and leash management in open areas.
  • Stamina-forward working temperament; requires substantial daily exercise plus scent/track enrichment.
  • Health concerns: hip dysplasia and other orthopedic strain in high-activity dogs; maintain lean body condition.
  • Health concern: gastric dilatation-volvulus (bloat) risk in deep-chested dogs; avoid heavy exercise around meals.
  • Health concerns: ear infections/otitis and skin allergies/irritations; routine ear checks and prompt treatment.
  • Care: low grooming needs (weekly brushing), regular nail/foot pad care for rough terrain, hydration and recovery after strenuous work.

Sexual Dimorphism

Males are typically taller, heavier, and more broad-headed with thicker neck and bone. Females are slightly smaller and finer-boned, while coat type and color patterns remain essentially the same.

♂
  • Greater overall height and body mass
  • Broader skull and more pronounced musculature
  • Thicker neck and heavier bone structure
♀
  • Slightly smaller frame with finer bone
  • Often a more streamlined outline
  • Same coat length and typical brindle patterning

Did You Know?

The Plott Hound traces to 18th-century German "Hanover" tracking hounds brought to North Carolina by Johannes Plott and developed for generations in the Appalachians.

It's the official state dog of North Carolina (designated in 1989).

Unlike most "coonhound-type" breeds, Plotts are not primarily descended from English Foxhounds-its roots are in European blood-trailing (scent) hounds.

Brindle is a hallmark coat pattern in the breed (often called "tiger-striped"), though other colors occur.

Plotts were historically used to trail and bay large game like bear and wild boar, working with remarkable grit and stamina.

Many Plotts have a distinctive, carrying "bay" voice used to communicate location and hold ("bay") game until hunters arrive.

They tend to be more naturally guarded and serious-minded than some other coonhounds, reflecting their big-game working history.

Unique Adaptations

  • Highly developed olfaction and tracking style shaped by selection for cold trails (older scent) and tough terrain-more specialized than the average domestic dog.
  • Athletic, durable build and efficient gait that support long hours of work in mountainous or brushy country.
  • A resonant bay designed (by selective breeding) to carry over distance-useful for locating dogs in dense forests.
  • Short, easy-care coat that sheds debris and dries relatively quickly after wet hunts; brindle can also help visually break up the outline in woodland settings.
  • High pain tolerance and tenacity often noted by hunters-behavioral "staying power" selected for big-game baying work.

Interesting Behaviors

  • Baying and "locating" vocalizations: a change in voice that can signal the dog has found or is holding game.
  • Scent-casting: sweeping side-to-side to reacquire a lost trail, then locking onto it with intense focus.
  • Trailing persistence: strong drive to continue a track for long distances, especially when rewarded with continued pursuit.
  • Pack cooperation: many lines work effectively in groups, coordinating by voice and body language.
  • Independent problem-solving: like many scent hounds, they may prioritize nose over handler cues unless trained with consistent, engaging methods.
  • Trail 'ownership': some individuals show intense concentration on a single scent line and can ignore distractions once committed.

Cultural Significance

Deeply tied to Appalachian hunting culture, the Plott Hound is celebrated as a homegrown American working breed. Its development in western North Carolina by the Plott family and its later recognition as North Carolina's state dog made it a regional symbol of mountain heritage, endurance, and big-game hound traditions.

Myths & Legends

Appalachian story: Johannes Plott brought sturdy German tracking hounds to North Carolina. Mountain families say these dogs—ancestors of the Plott Hound—trailed wounded animals and kept bears away in thick laurel hollows.

Plott Hound (Canis lupus familiaris) tales from the Smoky Mountains and Blue Ridge tell of fearless hounds that bayed at bears for hours, their voices guiding hunters through fog—proof of a never-quit mountain temperament.

Naming legacy: regional accounts preserve the idea that the dogs became known simply as "Plotts" because the Plott family guarded and refined their line for generations, turning a surname into a breed identity.

After the 1989 state-dog naming, the Plott Hound (Canis lupus familiaris) is seen as a living symbol of North Carolina's rural past, whose voice and work once meant food, safety, and a way of life.

Conservation Status

NE Not Evaluated

Has not yet been evaluated against the criteria.

Population Stable

Life Cycle

Birth 6 pups
Lifespan 13 years

Lifespan

In the Wild
12–14 years
In Captivity
10–15 years

Reproduction

Mating System Polygyny
Social Structure Managed Domestic
Breeding Pattern Serial
Fertilization Managed Selective
Birth Type Internal_fertilization

In Plott Hounds, mating is typically human-managed: selected stud males may sire multiple litters across females, with pairings formed only for breeding. Breeders often screen for hips/orthopedic issues and maintain high exercise, scent-work outlets, and ear/skin care.

Behavior & Ecology

Social Pack Group: 4
Activity Diurnal, Crepuscular, Cathemeral
Diet Omnivore Meat-forward, high-protein diet (e.g., poultry or beef-based complete kibble; lean cooked meat used as training rewards).

Temperament

Species context (domestic dog): highly social and human-attuned; behavior shaped by training and environment.
Breed-distinct: strong, athletic scent hound developed for trailing and baying large game; very high prey drive.
Confident, determined, and persistent on track; can be single-minded and vocal during pursuit.
Typically loyal and affectionate with family; reserved to wary with strangers without early socialization.
Pack-appropriate with other dogs, especially when raised together; may show same-sex tension in some lines.
Handler-focused when trained, but independent problem-solver; benefits from consistent, reward-based training.
Group decision-making often follows scent cues; temperament varies from laid-back pets to intense working dogs depending on lines and training.
Needs substantial daily exercise and mental work (tracking, scent games); under-stimulated dogs may become noisy or destructive.
Care needs: secure fencing and leash reliability due to roaming/trailing instincts; excellent recall requires long-term practice.
Health concerns seen in the breed: hip dysplasia, gastric dilatation-volvulus risk, chronic ear infections, hypothyroidism, allergies/skin issues.
Care needs: routine ear cleaning and drying after hunts/water; maintain lean body condition and joint-friendly conditioning.
Generally steady with children if socialized; supervise with small pets due to chase instinct.

Communication

baying
barking
howling
whining
growling
grumbling
scent tracking and ground-scent sampling to signal direction changes
scent marking (urine/feces) to communicate territory and arousal
body posture and weight shift to indicate confidence, caution, or intent
tail carriage and wag type to signal engagement, stress, or alertness
ear position and facial tension to convey attention, uncertainty, or challenge
nose-to-ground pacing and circling to indicate fresh scent acquisition
pawing or leaning on handler to solicit guidance or access to outdoors
mouthy play and soft muzzle contact with familiar dogs during affiliation
freeze-and-stare or forward-lean to signal prey focus
group baying as a coordination signal during hunts; intensity varies by line

Habitat

Biomes:
Temperate Forest Temperate Grassland Boreal Forest (Taiga) Tundra Alpine Mediterranean Savanna Desert Hot Desert Cold Tropical Rainforest Tropical Dry Forest Freshwater Wetland Marine +8
Terrain:
Mountainous Hilly Plateau Valley Plains Riverine Rocky +1
Elevation: Up to 18044 ft 8 in

Ecological Role

Human-associated omnivorous canid; primarily a hunting/trailing and baying breed that functions as a predator-assistant rather than a self-sustaining wild predator.

Assists in locating, trailing, and holding large game (e.g., feral hogs), supporting wildlife and invasive/pest management under human control Scavenges/consumes human-provided foods and byproducts, aiding in waste utilization in domestic contexts Can contribute to control of small nuisance wildlife (raccoons/rodents) when managed; conversely requires responsible containment to prevent unintended wildlife harassment

Diet Details

Other Foods:
Cooked grains and starches Vegetables Fruits Grass

Human Interaction

Domestication Status

Domesticated

Plott Hound (Canis lupus familiaris) is a domestic dog that came from gray wolves and was shaped by people. Brought to North Carolina in the 1700s by the Plott family from Hanover hounds, it was bred to trail and bay big game (bear, boar). Plotts have strong noses, high endurance, loud bays, independence, and need lots of exercise and training.

Danger Level

Low
  • Bite/scratch risk exists like any dog, increased by poor socialization, rough handling, pain, or resource guarding
  • High prey drive may lead to chasing behavior and accidental collisions or knocks, especially with children or smaller adults
  • Strong vocalization (baying) can create human-conflict issues (noise complaints) rather than direct physical danger
  • Working/hunting contexts can elevate arousal; careful handling and training reduce risk

As a Pet

Suitable as Pet

Legality: Generally legal to own as a domestic dog breed in most U.S. jurisdictions. Restrictions, when they exist, are typically general dog ordinances (leash laws, noise/barking rules) or insurance/landlord policies rather than Plott-specific bans. Always check local municipal/HOA and rental/insurance rules.

Care Level: Experienced

Purchase Cost: $50 - $1,500
Lifetime Cost: $15,000 - $35,000

Economic Value

Uses:
Hunting and trailing work Sport and recreation Companionship Breeding (responsible, health-tested) Training and outdoor services
Products:
  • Tracking/trailing and bay-dog services for big-game hunting (where legal)
  • Participation in field trials, hunt tests, and nosework events
  • Companion animal services (boarding, training, grooming, veterinary care)
  • Working-dog equipment market (GPS collars, tracking leads, protective gear)

Relationships

Ecological Equivalents 6

Animals that fill a similar ecological role in their ecosystem

Treeing Walker Coonhound
Treeing Walker Coonhound Canis lupus familiaris Fills the same role as other North American scent hounds: used to track, tree, and bay game. Compared with many coonhounds, Plott Hounds are tougher and more willing to pursue larger game such as wild boar and bear.
Bluetick Coonhound
Bluetick Coonhound Canis lupus familiaris Similar hunting role—scent trailing and baying/holding game—with a strong nose and stamina. Plott Hounds are commonly selected for athletic build, endurance, and determination on dangerous quarry, with a typical emphasis on baying large game rather than primarily treeing raccoon.
Redbone Coonhound
Redbone Coonhound Canis lupus familiaris Comparable working niche as a scent hound in wooded and mountain terrain. Plotts are frequently characterized by very high prey drive, persistence, and a bold bay on large animals, along with a tight, low-maintenance coat suited to rough brush.
American Foxhound
American Foxhound Canis lupus familiaris Occupies a related niche as a scent hound built for long pursuits. Compared with many foxhounds, the Plott Hound is more commonly used for baying and holding larger, more confrontational quarry and may display stronger guarding and alert tendencies.
Domestic dog
Domestic dog Canis lupus familiaris Plott Hound: bred for cold-nosed tracking, loud baying, determination, and high endurance in rough terrain. Needs lots of exercise, scent work, secure containment, early training, and mental enrichment.
Gray wolf
Gray wolf Canis lupus Both canids are adapted for long chases, possess strong noses, and rely on scent-based signaling. Unlike wolves, which hunt in packs, Plott Hounds are bred to work with people, trailing prey on the ground and baying to hold or locate it.

Quick Take

  • This breed's unusual name comes from a single immigrant's experiment, and the story behind it is stranger than you'd expect.
  • A fearless hunting dog that turns into a cuddly couch companion sounds like a contradiction, yet there is a specific reason it works so well for this breed. See the personality traits →
  • Most people assume a high-energy hunting dog is a nightmare to own, yet one trait makes the PlottHound surprisingly low-maintenance. Check grooming requirements →
  • Their loyalty to children is remarkable, but one feeding habit could make them a risky choice for families with toddlers. Read about food aggression →
  • Training this dog early pays off, though skipping one key step can turn their intelligence into your biggest problem. Review early training tips →

This hound is a rugged dog with a curious name, a unique history, and a fearless yet gentle temperament. The Plott hound was first bred by an early resident of North Carolina, Johannes Plott, who created the breed by refining Hanover hounds from his home country of Germany. These nimble hunting dogs feature a striking coat with colors that range from black to flaming orange to russet brown. 

Plott hounds make excellent outdoor companions, happy to accompany their owners wherever the next adventure leads. They’re athletic and enthusiastic dogs with plenty of energy to spare, whether hiking up a mountain or swimming in a lake. Additionally, they love to cuddle at the end of the day and serve as mellow, loving companions that are utterly loyal to their families.

An educational infographic about the Plott Hound dog breed, featuring a large illustration of a brindled hound and various sections on care, temperament, and training.
Part mountain athlete, part professional snuggler. Discover why this rare American original requires the perfect balance of patience and adventure. © A-Z Animals

3 Pros and Cons of Owning a Plott Hound

ProsCons
Calm and loving
These hounds have a lot of energy outdoors but are calm and affectionate during downtime.
Strong prey drive
May not do well around small animals.
Loves outdoor adventures
A Plott will follow you wherever the wind takes you.
Can be standoffish
Their prey drive can lead them to ignore commands in pursuit of the hunt.
Healthy with low medical maintenance
These hounds have no common health issues and require minimal maintenance.
Loud barkers
You’ll know if someone is approaching your property.

Size and Weight

The Plott hound female’s average height ranges between 20 and 23 inches, with males capable of growing between 20 and 25 inches. Males can weigh 50 to 60 pounds when fully grown, and females weigh between 40 and 55 pounds.

Common Health Issues

On average, Plotts are healthy dogs with little to no breed-specific issues. However, when looking to adopt or purchase a pup, request your breeder’s health screening results for genetic conditions such as hip dysplasia or eye issues. 

The floppy ears of the Plott can be prone to infection, so be sure to regularly check for any discharge and clean them of any debris. Routine vet checkups, vaccines, and parasite control will help your dog live a long and happy life.

Temperament

While these light-footed dogs were bred to chase a trail no matter where it leads, the Plott hound makes for an excellent and loving family dog. They can be somewhat obstinate when lacking strong leadership from their owner. Moreover, Plotts can be wary of strangers, but usually warm up to newcomers quickly, though they may be less likely to get along with other dogs. They often consider smaller animals as prey, and if lacking a solid recall, these dogs can bolt, running after a squirrel or rabbit’s scent.

How To Take Care of Plott Hounds 

Plott hounds are relatively low-maintenance dogs, though they may not be well-suited for first-time owners. They require clear rules and a structured hierarchy, and can become standoffish without proper training and socialization. With love, time, and patience, the Plott hound makes a loving and cuddly companion that will travel with its family to the ends of the earth.

The Best Dog Food

Plott hounds require high-quality dog food with serving sizes tailored to the individual dog’s age, metabolism, and lifestyle. Consult your veterinarian to get a precise formulation for your pup. Generally speaking, Plott hounds aren’t too picky and happily eat most types of dry or wet dog food. So long as their kibble has at least 22% protein content and plenty of fats and nutrients to meet their energy and health needs, your Plott hound will be a happy pup.  

While Plott hounds love a good treat during training, too many treats can lead to obesity. In fact, some dogs can be prone to weight gain, so monitor your dog’s food consumption and maintain a regular exercise routine. These dogs also need access to clean, fresh water at all times, especially during and after outdoor activities.  

Maintenance and Grooming

The Plott sports a smooth, glossy coat of fine fur that requires relatively minimal maintenance. Weekly brushing with a soft-bristle brush will remove loose hair or dirt, and the occasional bath will keep them smelling clean. Plott hounds’ ears need a regular inspection for any dirt or debris and are easily cleaned with a vet-recommended ear-cleaning solution. Regularly trim your dog’s nails to prevent breakage.

Training

These dogs are highly intelligent and confident, and while they love people, they can be a bit standoffish. Plott pups should be socialized via broad exposure to people and other animals, and can begin training as early as a few months old. They require regular mental stimulation to keep them occupied, or they may find undesirable ways to entertain themselves. Take care to properly train them to avoid the development of food or toy aggression. Though they’re loud barkers, teaching them to bark on command can help mitigate their mouthiness.

Exercise

Plott hounds thrive on exercise and require ample outdoor time and movement. They’re well-known for their stamina, agility, and endurance, and thrive with vigorous exercise such as long walks, hiking, or agility training. Plotts also excel at lure-coursing and other hunting-related activities and competitions. Due to their strong prey drive, Plotts should be kept on a leash.

Puppies

Plotts are not among the most common dog breeds, but they are not considered rare, and the availability of puppies can vary by region. Seek a reputable breeder who breeds dogs free from genetic diseases and undesirable temperament traits. With frequent socialization and early training, Plott hounds will quickly learn who’s in charge and respect their owners’ commands.

Plott Hounds and Children

These dogs are more protective than the average hound dog and absolutely adore the children in their families. They do best with older children who know how to interact with dogs respectfully, but can be playful with young children if raised together. Plott hounds can become food aggressive, which may pose a problem if a young child reaches for their food bowl. 

Dogs Similar to the Plott Hound

The Plott hound is closely related to similar hound breeds, such as its parent Hanover hound, the mountain cur, and the Bavarian mountain scent hound.

  • Bavarian mountain scent hound: These hounds share the Plott’s fine, beautifully colored coat, floppy ears, and strong prey drive.
  • Hanover hound: The German breed contributed its genetics to the creation of the plott hound.
  • Mountain cur: These purebred hunting dogs are used to track rabbits, squirrels, and other small game.
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Sources

  1. American Kennel Club / Accessed October 29, 2022
  2. Wag Walking / Accessed October 29, 2022
  3. Chewy / Accessed October 29, 2022
Shanti Ryle

About the Author

Shanti Ryle

Shanti Ryle is a content marketer with nearly a decade's experience writing about science, real estate, business, and culture. Her work has been featured in Forbes, Wall Street Journal, Global Finance and Banking, Weedmaps News/Marijuana.com, and other publications. Her favorite animal (by far) is the Pembroke Welsh Corgi!

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Plott Hounds FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

Plotts are exceedingly loyal to their families and will bravely protect them from intruders or danger. They love to adventure with their owners and wind down at the end of a long day with cuddles. They do best around older children or younger kids who’ve been properly taught to interact with a dog respectfully.