Goonch Catfish

The goonch catfish, or giant devil catfish, is one of the most fierce freshwater fish. This fish has no natural predators and, in the past, has terrorized villages with its attacks on villagers and large mammals while they drink and bathe.

The largest attacks, known as the Kali River attacks, occurred between 1998 and 2007. The attacks in this timeframe all came along three villages along the Kali River. The largest attacks were on a water buffalo and two separate adult men. A young boy was also the victim during this series of attacks.

It may seem incredible that such a monster can be kept in a home aquarium, but it is possible. The fish comes in a range of sizes, and the smaller, dwarf variety is suitable for home fishkeeping, as long as you have an adequate tank size and are an experienced fishkeeper.

The tank size should be at least 180 gallons and have a strong current. The fish is predatory and aggressive, so even with a larger tank size, expect any companions, particularly other bottom dwellers, to be harassed and possibly eaten.

One look inside the mouth of the pet goonch and you will see the many bands of razor-sharp teeth meant for killing and eating live prey. Over time, they can learn to eat frozen meaty food, but they will not lose their aggressive tendencies.

Three Goonch Catfish Facts

• The Goonch catfish has mucus-covered skin rather than scales.
• Goonch catfish are popular exhibits in aquariums.
• Goonch catfish have bands of small, sharp teeth.

Classification and Scientific Name

The scientific name for the goonch catfish is Bagarius yarrelli. It is also known as the giant devil catfish and river monster due to its size and strength. There are five species within the Bagarius genus. B. yarrelli and B. bagarius were once thought to be the same species, but recent studies support that they are distinct species.

Appearance

The goonch catfish has a large, flat head that holds a powerful jaw and four rows of razor-sharp teeth. The fish has three sets of barbels, with the longest being the nasal set.

Its coloring is brown, tan, or green, with black edging on the dorsal, caudal, and pectoral fins and black patches on the body. They have a white underbelly.

Distribution, Population, and Habitat

The goonch catfish prefers swiftly flowing currents and inhabits mountainous rivers, such as the Great Kali, Ramganga, and Brahmaputra Rivers, in India and Nepal. They are probably located in other areas of South and Southeast Asia.

The goonch catfish’s conservation status is listed as Vulnerable according to the IUCN Red List.

Predators and Prey

Adult goonch catfish have few natural predators due to their large size. Habitat changes caused by humans are the greatest threat to their existence.

The goonch catfish eats a wide range of smaller fish, amphibians, crustaceans, and invertebrates. They are known to be aggressive. Goonch catfish kept in aquariums are often kept alone due to their aggressive behavior.

Reproduction and Lifespan

Little is known about the reproduction and lifespan of the goonch catfish.

Fishing and Cooking

Bringing in a goonch catfish is a challenge. Once you have one on the line, it is common for the fish to anchor itself to the river bottom. Attempting to wrestle it to the surface doesn’t work; instead, patience and careful maneuvering allow you to encourage it into shallower waters. Once there, be prepared to get wet as you wade in to bring it to the surface.

Population

The exact population of the goonch catfish, considered a vulnerable species, is unknown, but it is decreasing overall.