Wildlife of
Tjumenskaja oblast'

Taiga forests on the West Siberian Lowland, dominated by larch, spruce, pine, and Siberian cedar, interwoven with peatlands and riparian forests; major habitat matrix across Khanty-Mansi and central Tyumen areas.

Largest biome; broadly central and northern-interior areas-roughly half or more of the total area depending on boundary interpretation.

Southern mixed and small-leaved forests (birch, aspen) and forest mosaics transitioning from taiga to forest-steppe; often on better-drained soils and along river terraces.

Mainly southern Tyumen around the Tobol-Tura basins; limited compared with taiga (single-digit to low tens of percent).

Forest-steppe and steppe-like openings with meadow-grass communities, hayfields, and pasture; largely shaped by soils, fire history, and extensive cultivation.

Concentrated in the far south; patchy but locally dominant in agricultural districts (small fraction of total area, larger share of the populated south).

Immense peat bogs, fens, and swampy lowlands (part of the broader West Siberian peatland system), including raised bogs, patterned fens, and seasonally flooded floodplains.

Widespread throughout the lowland, especially central sectors; very high landscape prevalence (large portions of taiga are wetland-embedded).

Large rivers (Ob, Irtysh, Tobol, Tura), oxbow lakes, floodplain lakes, and thousands of small waterbodies; critical for fish, migratory birds, and nutrient cycling.

Ubiquitous as linear networks and floodplains across the oblast; highest density in major river valleys and lake/bog districts.

Arctic marine and nearshore environments of the Kara Sea, including coastal waters and ice-influenced productivity, tied closely to river discharge from the Ob Gulf.

Restricted to the far north coastal fringe (Yamalo-Nenets); a small share of total area but ecologically significant.

Taiga stands of larch, spruce, Scots pine, and Siberian pine/cedar; extensive managed and petroleum-infrastructure-fragmented forests in Khanty-Mansi and central areas.

Broad forest matrix spanning taiga and southern mixed forests; includes large intact blocks as well as logged and road-fragmented landscapes near settlements and oil/gas fields.

Birch-aspen secondary forests common after fire or logging, especially in the southern/central transition zones and on well-drained terraces.

Open larch/pine woodlands on sandy or wet substrates and in permafrost-influenced northern interiors; often interspersed with bogs and shrublands.

Shrub-moss-lichen tundra with thermokarst depressions, ice-wedge polygons, and wind-exposed ridges; key reindeer pasture landscapes in the far north.

Willow and dwarf-birch shrub tundra and riverine shrub thickets; expands on disturbed/permafrost-thaw areas and along floodplains.

Meadow-steppe and forest-steppe grasslands in the south; many areas converted to hayfields and pasture with remnant native patches.

Steppe-like openings within the southern forest-steppe belt; often associated with agriculture, dry meadows, and saline/alkaline micro-sites in some lowlands.

Vast ombrotrophic raised bogs and patterned peatlands with sphagnum carpets and pools; major carbon storehouses across the West Siberian Lowland sectors.

Waterlogged forested and shrub swamps, including pine-sphagnum and birch swamp forests; frequent in poorly drained interfluves and along sluggish tributaries.

Reed/sedge marshes in floodplains, lake margins, and deltaic zones; important breeding and staging habitat for waterfowl and waders.

Complex wetland mosaics (bog-fen-marsh-swamp) dominating many lowland landscapes; strongly seasonal hydrology and extensive peat accumulation.

Major river corridors (Ob, Irtysh, Tobol, Tura) with broad floodplains, oxbows, levees, and riparian forests; key fish and migration routes.

Numerous shallow lakes and floodplain waterbodies, including thermokarst and oxbow lakes; productivity varies from clear to humic/peat-stained waters.

Small kettle/thermokarst ponds and peatland pools; abundant in tundra and bog landscapes and sensitive to permafrost thaw and drainage changes.

Arctic coastline and nearshore lagoons along the Kara Sea (where included via Yamalo-Nenets), shaped by sea ice, storms, and river discharge.

Croplands, hayfields, and pastures concentrated in the southern forest-steppe around Tyumen and along major transport corridors; significant habitat conversion and drainage locally.

Urban/industrial habitats centered on Tyumen and other towns, plus extensive oil-and-gas infrastructure footprints (roads, pads, pipelines) influencing fragmentation and hydrology.