N S W E
Wildlife Expeditions

Wildlife of
Sudan

Sudan stands out for the meeting of Sahara deserts, Sahel savannas, and the life-giving Nile-creating a rare wildlife story centered on riverine oases, vast bird migrations, and remote, little-visited protected landscapes.
166 Species
1,861,484 km² Land Area
Overview

About Sudan

Sudan's wildlife character is defined by scale and contrast: hyper-arid deserts in the north give way to Sahelian scrub and richer savannas in the south and southeast, all stitched together by the Nile and its seasonal wetlands. In a country where water determines everything, wildlife viewing often revolves around river corridors, floodplains, and scattered refuges of acacia woodland and grassland that support resilient desert-adapted species alongside classic savanna fauna. This mix of biomes-Sahara, Sahel, and Nile Valley-creates an unusually diverse ecological gradient within one nation.

Key ecosystems include the Nile's riverine habitats and wetlands (vital feeding and resting areas for Palearctic migratory birds), desert wadis and stony plains that harbor specialized fauna, and Sahel-savanna mosaics where larger mammals persist in protected areas and remote rangelands. Seasonal pulses-rainfall in the savanna zone and flooding along parts of the Nile system-shape breeding cycles, grazing patterns, and bird concentrations, making timing and location central to successful wildlife trips. These landscapes also hold cultural and natural heritage value as historic travel routes and ecological lifelines in an otherwise arid region.

In conservation terms, Sudan's significance is tightly linked to the Nile flyway and the stewardship of large, under-explored habitats that still function as ecological corridors across Northeast Africa. The wildlife experience is distinctive for its sense of remoteness: sightings often feel like discovery, with big skies, low tourist density, and dramatic scenery-from dunes and desert plains to green ribbons of river vegetation. For enthusiasts, Sudan offers a chance to learn about arid-land ecology, wetland-dependent birdlife, and the conservation challenges and opportunities of safeguarding wildlife in a landscape where people, livestock, and water are intricately connected.

Physical Features

Geography

Sudan's wildlife is shaped by a strong north-south gradient: hyper-arid Sahara and Red Sea coastal deserts in the north and northeast give way to Sahelian scrub and then wetter savanna-woodlands toward the south. The Nile system (White Nile, Blue Nile, main Nile, and major tributaries such as the Atbara, Dinder, and Rahad) forms a linear oasis of riverine forests, floodplains, and seasonal wetlands that concentrate mammals and support large numbers of resident and migratory birds. Isolated uplands (e.g., Jebel Marra and the Red Sea Hills) create cooler, wetter "islands" with distinct plant communities and refugia for biodiversity compared with surrounding drylands.

1,861,484 km² Land Area
~15th largest country; about the size of Mexico Size Rank

Key Landscapes

  • Nile River corridor (White Nile-Blue Nile confluence at Khartoum, main Nile northward): riverine woodland, floodplain agriculture mosaic, and wetland stopover habitat for migratory birds
  • Seasonal wetlands and floodplains in the southeast (Dinder and Rahad river systems; important for antelope, waterbirds, and dry-season grazing)
  • Sahel belt across Kordofan and Darfur: Acacia savannas, sandy plains, and seasonal wadis that drive wet-dry wildlife movements
  • Sahara and Nubian/Bayuda desert landscapes in the north: dune fields, gravel plains, and wadis where wildlife is sparse and clustered around water points
  • Jebel Marra massif (Darfur): highland slopes, volcanic soils, and cooler microclimates that support more mesic habitats than surrounding savannas
  • Red Sea Hills and coastal plain: rugged mountains, wadis, and arid coastal habitats influencing local endemism and movement corridors
  • Red Sea coastline: coral reefs, seagrass beds, and coastal lagoons/mangroves (where present) supporting marine biodiversity and seabirds

Ecoregions

  • Sahara Desert (WWF: Sahara Desert)
  • Red Sea coastal desert (WWF: Red Sea coastal desert)
  • Sahelian Acacia savanna (WWF: Sahelian Acacia savanna)
  • East Sudanian savanna (WWF: East Sudanian savanna)
  • East Saharan montane xeric woodlands (WWF: East Saharan montane xeric woodlands; includes isolated massifs such as Jebel Marra)
Parks & Reserves

Protected Areas

Sudan's protected-area network is built around a mix of terrestrial National Parks (notably in the Sahel/savanna belt and along major riverine/wetland systems) and coastal/marine protected areas on the Red Sea. Management responsibility historically sits with national wildlife and forestry authorities, with varying effectiveness due to remoteness, limited funding, and periods of insecurity; as a result, wildlife is often most reliably encountered in better-known sites like Dinder and in the Red Sea marine parks. The system also includes Game Reserves and marine protected areas that safeguard key migratory bird habitats, savanna ungulate ranges, and globally significant coral reefs.

Protected Coverage

Approx. ~6-8% of Sudan's land area is under some form of formal protection (gazetted parks/reserves). Practical conservation outcomes vary widely by site due to enforcement capacity and local pressures (grazing, woodcutting, hunting, and development).

Notable Parks & Reserves

Dinder National Park

National Park; Ramsar Wetland (Dinder National Park wetlands)

Sudan's flagship savanna-wetland park on the Ethiopian border, centered on seasonal floodplain wetlands that concentrate wildlife and support large numbers of resident and migratory birds. It is among the best-known areas in Sudan for large-mammal conservation and wetland biodiversity.

lion
lion
leopard
leopard
spotted hyena
waterbuck
waterbuck
reedbuck
roan antelope
hippopotamus
hippopotamus

Radom National Park

National Park

A remote, high-biodiversity savanna/woodland landscape in southwestern Sudan near the borders with South Sudan and the Central African Republic. It is important as one of Sudan's last large wilderness blocks with potential for recovery of wide-ranging large mammals if effectively protected.

African elephant
African elephant
African buffalo
African buffalo
lion
lion
leopard
leopard
roan antelope
hartebeest
hartebeest

Sanganeb Marine National Park

Marine National Park; UNESCO World Heritage (part of a serial site)

An offshore atoll reef system in the Red Sea with exceptional coral diversity, clear water, and high reef-fish biomass. It is globally significant for coral reef conservation and is one of the region's premier marine biodiversity sites.

green sea turtle
hawksbill sea turtle
bottlenose dolphin
bottlenose dolphin
spinner dolphin
grey reef shark
grey reef shark
giant manta ray

Dungonab Bay-Mukkawar Island Marine National Park

Marine National Park; UNESCO World Heritage (part of a serial site)

A large Red Sea marine protected area combining coral reefs, seagrass meadows, islands, and sheltered bays. It is especially notable for supporting dugongs and extensive seagrass habitats, alongside diverse reef communities and seabirds.

dugong
dugong
green sea turtle
hawksbill sea turtle
Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin
bottlenose dolphin
bottlenose dolphin
reef sharks

Sinkat Game Reserve (Red Sea Hills)

Game Reserve / National Reserve

A rugged montane-desert reserve in the Red Sea Hills that protects arid-adapted wildlife and important watershed habitats. It is notable for mountain ungulates and carnivores in a stark desert landscape.

Nubian ibex
Dorcas gazelle
caracal
caracal
striped hyena
striped hyena
rock hyrax
rock hyrax
hamadryas baboon

Tokar Game Reserve / Tokar Delta (Red Sea coastal plain)

Game Reserve (wildlife reserve)

A coastal plain and delta system that can be highly important for migratory and wintering waterbirds and shorebirds along the African-Eurasian flyway. Seasonal water and coastal habitats make it a key bird area with episodic wildlife concentrations.

greater flamingo
great white pelican
Eurasian spoonbill
gull-billed tern
migratory sandpipers and plovers

UNESCO World Heritage Sites

  • Sanganeb Marine National Park and Dungonab Bay-Mukkawar Island Marine National Park (serial natural World Heritage site)
Animals

Wildlife

Sudan spans a huge ecological gradient from Saharan and Red Sea desert landscapes through Sahelian steppe to seasonally flooded savannas and the Nile's riverine forests and wetlands. Wildlife is therefore patchy but diverse: desert-adapted ungulates and carnivores occur in the north and Red Sea Hills, while the strongest remaining concentrations of large mammals tend to be in the Sahel/savanna belt-especially around major floodplains and protected areas such as Dinder National Park (with the Dinder-Rahad wetlands) and parts of the western/southern savannas (e.g., Radom area). The Nile corridor and Red Sea coast are particularly notable for migratory and congregatory birdlife, making Sudan more of a "big landscapes + birds and riverine megafauna" destination than a consistently high-density big-game safari country.

≈180-220 species (large mammals now localized; strongest diversity in savanna and riverine zones) Mammals
≈750-900 species (very high due to Nile wetlands + Palearctic migration and Red Sea flyway) Birds
≈120-160 species (notably desert and river-associated reptiles) Reptiles
≈40-70 species (highest diversity in wetter southern/savanna and Nile-associated habitats) Amphibians

Iconic Species

African Elephant
African Elephant Now highly localized and sensitive to security/access, but still emblematic of Sudan's remaining savanna wilderness. Best chances are in remote savanna protected areas and borderland ecosystems (notably the Radom region and parts of the southeast where habitat connectivity persists).
Lion
Lion A flagship predator of Sudan's Sahel-savanna belt, occurring at low densities where prey and cover remain. Historically associated with Dinder's floodplain mosaic and western/southern savannas; sightings are typically difficult and depend on local conditions and protection.
Leopard
Leopard More adaptable than lions and can persist in rugged hills, riverine thickets, and remote savannas. In Sudan it is most associated with well-wooded savanna and rocky/hilly refuges, but is elusive and largely nocturnal.
Cheetah
Cheetah Represents Sudan's open-country Sahel and semi-desert plains; where it persists, it is tied to wide, lightly wooded savanna and steppe with suitable medium-sized prey. Encounters are rare and tend to be opportunistic in remote rangelands.
Hippopotamus
Hippopotamus One of the most visible large mammals for many travelers because it can still be found in sections of the Nile system and associated wetlands. River and wetland edges (including seasonal floodplains) offer the best viewing, especially in low-water periods.
Nile Crocodile
Nile Crocodile A defining species of Sudan's Nile landscapes-often the easiest 'big' predator to see. Commonly encountered on sandbanks, near fishing areas, and along quieter river reaches where basking sites are available.
Soemmerring's Gazelle A signature antelope of the Horn of Africa's arid and semi-arid plains; in Sudan it is most associated with eastern steppe and desert-edge habitats. Its presence reflects intact open rangelands and reduced hunting pressure.
Nubian Ibex An iconic cliff-and-canyon ungulate of the Red Sea Hills and desert mountains. Best sought in rugged escarpments and rocky massifs where it uses steep terrain to avoid people and predators.
Secretarybird A classic Sahel-savanna bird of prey famous for hunting on foot and dispatching snakes. In Sudan it typifies open grassland/Acacia savanna landscapes, including areas around seasonal floodplains where prey is abundant.

Endemic Species

Nubian Weaver A near-endemic weaver of the Nile basin/Horn region; in Sudan it is closely tied to riverine woodland, acacia belts, and well-vegetated floodplain edges. Endemic
White-eyed Gull A Red Sea near-endemic with an important part of its range along Sudan's coast; notable around islands, reefs, and sheltered bays where it breeds and forages. Endemic
Nubian Spiny-tailed Lizard A near-endemic desert reptile of northeast Africa, characteristic of rocky and gravel deserts; in Sudan it is associated with arid landscapes where it occupies burrows and feeds on tough desert vegetation. Endemic

Notable Populations

  • Nile Valley and associated reservoirs/floodplains act as a major migratory corridor and staging area for Palearctic waterbirds and raptors, producing globally important seasonal bird concentrations.
  • Dinder-Rahad floodplain wetlands (Dinder National Park) are among the most significant remaining wetland-savanna mosaics in the Sahel belt, supporting large seasonal aggregations of waterbirds and savanna wildlife where protection holds.
  • Sudan's Red Sea coast supports regionally significant seabird colonies and Red Sea-restricted species (e.g., White-eyed Gull), making it an important node for coastal biodiversity in the western Red Sea.
Protection

Conservation

Primary Threats

  • Conversion and degradation of savanna and riverine habitats through expansion of cultivation along the Nile and in rain-fed areas, plus settlement growth around water points. In the Sahel belt, loss is often functional: shrub/grass cover declines from heavy grazing and woodcutting, reducing habitat quality for ungulates and ground-nesting birds.
  • Rising temperatures, more frequent/intense droughts and rainfall variability intensify desertification in the north and stress Sahel/savanna ecosystems. Shifts in flood timing/extent along the Nile and seasonal wetlands can reduce feeding/breeding habitat for waterbirds and disrupt fish nursery areas.
  • Localized contamination from urban wastewater and solid waste along the Nile (notably near major cities) and agricultural runoff (fertilizers/pesticides) in irrigated schemes, affecting water quality in wetlands used by fish and migratory birds.
  • Aquatic and riparian invasives in Nile channels and wetlands can choke waterways and alter habitat structure, reducing open-water and mudflat areas important for fish and waterbirds and complicating wetland management.
  • Livestock-wildlife interfaces around parks and grazing corridors increase risks of disease transmission (e.g., respiratory and tick-borne diseases) to wild ungulates; outbreaks can be harder to detect due to limited veterinary and wildlife health surveillance.
  • Illegal hunting for meat and opportunistic killing around protected areas and along rivers persists, especially where enforcement is weak and alternative protein sources are limited. This can rapidly deplete local populations of antelope and other medium-large fauna.
  • Trafficking routes across the Horn of Africa/Northeast Africa region can incentivize poaching of high-value species and products, with movement through remote borderlands complicating enforcement and monitoring.
  • High dependence on Nile and wetland fisheries, coupled with limited regulation/enforcement, can lead to localized depletion-especially near population centers and during low-water periods when fish are concentrated.
  • Increased presence of people, livestock, and vehicles in and around parks and wetlands (including seasonal camps and reed/wood harvesting) disturbs breeding waterbirds and reduces wildlife use of key watering and feeding sites.
  • Crop damage and competition for water/forage occur where farms and grazing expand into wildlife ranges (savanna edge and riverine zones). Retaliatory killing can follow incidents involving predators or large herbivores near fields and villages.
  • Chronic pressure for fuelwood/charcoal and building materials in semi-arid areas reduces tree cover and riparian woodland, accelerating erosion and diminishing dry-season refuges for wildlife.
  • Road development and water-control/irrigation infrastructure can fragment habitats and alter hydrology, affecting floodplain wetlands and connectivity between seasonal grazing/wildlife movement areas.
  • Hydrological modification of floodplains (levees, canals, drainage, regulated flows) changes wetland seasonality and reduces the mosaic of shallow waters and mudflats critical for migratory birds and fish reproduction.
  • Expansion of mechanized rain-fed agriculture in the Sahel/savanna belt and irrigated agriculture along the Nile drives habitat conversion, increases human-wildlife contact, and amplifies pesticide and water-demand pressures.
  • Growth of urban centers along the Nile increases demand for water, fish, fuelwood/charcoal and creates pollution hotspots; peri-urban expansion encroaches on riparian habitats and wetlands.
  • Widespread cutting of trees for fuel and construction (often informal rather than industrial logging) degrades savanna woodlands and riparian forests, reducing nesting/roosting habitat and increasing vulnerability to wind and water erosion.
  • Gold and other extractive activities can cause localized habitat disruption, increased access/roads into remote areas, and sediment/chemical pollution risks where operations occur near wadis or river systems.
Visit

Wildlife Tourism

Sudan's wildlife tourism is a niche but high-potential sector shaped by the country's huge ecological range-from Sahara desert and Sahel savanna to Nile floodplains and Red Sea coral reefs. Most classic "big game" viewing is concentrated in the Sahel/savanna protected areas (notably Dinder National Park and remote southern reserves), while Sudan's strongest, most reliable wildlife draw for international visitors is often **birding along the Nile wetlands** and **world-class Red Sea diving** (sharks, pristine reefs, and offshore atolls). **Economic importance:** Compared with some East/Southern African destinations, wildlife tourism contributes a smaller share of visitor revenue, but it can be significant locally (guiding, transport, accommodation, boat hire, and artisanal services), especially in and around **Port Sudan (marine tourism)** and seasonal circuits to **Dinder**. There is substantial upside for community-based tourism and conservation financing where access and security conditions allow. **History & conservation context:** Sudan has a long history of river-based livelihoods and seasonal movement across drylands. Formal protected areas date back to the early 20th century-**Dinder National Park was established in 1935**, making it one of Africa's older national parks. Over time, pressures such as habitat change, hunting, and variable enforcement have affected wildlife densities in some regions, so experiences can be more "expedition-style" than guaranteed sightings. **Accessibility (practical reality):** Wildlife travel in Sudan can be logistically demanding. Outside a few hubs, roads can be rough, services limited, and park infrastructure basic; some areas are remote and may require permits, local guides/rangers, and careful route planning around seasonal floods. For most visitors, the easiest entry points are **Khartoum (for Nile birding day trips)** and **Port Sudan (for Red Sea marine wildlife)**. Savanna safaris typically require a multi-day overland trip with an experienced local operator and 4x4 support.

Best Time to Visit

**Overall best window:** **November-March** (cooler, drier, easier access; wildlife concentrates around permanent water; peak migratory birding).

**Month-by-month highlights (what to see when):**
- **November:** Start of the prime season. Roads begin to improve after rains; early dry-season birding picks up along the Nile; Red Sea conditions often settle for diving.
- **December-February (peak):** Coolest months and best general wildlife travel. **Migratory waterbirds and raptors** are abundant on Nile wetlands and reservoirs; **Dinder NP** viewing improves as animals use remaining water sources; comfortable temperatures for desert excursions.
- **March:** Still productive for savanna wildlife as water becomes more concentrated, but heat rises late month. Good for photographers seeking dusty "dry season" atmosphere.
- **April-June:** Hot inland; wildlife viewing in savannas becomes harder mid-day. **Red Sea diving/snorkeling remains strong** (often excellent visibility), making this a better period for marine-focused trips.
- **July-October:** Rainy season in much of the Sahel/savanna zone. Landscapes are lush and birdlife can be active (breeding behavior), but **access is often the limiting factor** (mud, flooded tracks). Best for travelers specifically targeting green-season scenery and birds, with flexible logistics.

**Quick planning tip:** If you want a single trip combining **savanna + Nile birding + Red Sea**, aim for **late December to early March**; if you want **primarily marine wildlife**, **October-May** is commonly the easiest window for conditions and logistics.

Top Wildlife Experiences

  • Sunrise 4x4 game drive in Dinder National Park, timing your route to reach seasonal wetlands (seasonal pools) at first light for the best chance of antelope and predator activity.
  • Guided walking safari with park rangers around Dinder's wetland edges (where permitted), focusing on tracks, bird identification, and the ecology of floodplain pools-more about immersion than speed.
  • Full-day Nile birding by boat: drift quietly through riverine channels and islands to photograph herons, egrets, kingfishers, and seasonal migrants; plan for early morning and late afternoon light.
  • Raptor migration watch along the Nile corridor in mid-winter: set up at a vantage point and scan for passing eagles, kites, and other soaring birds moving along the river's natural flyway.
  • Red Sea shark and reef diving from Port Sudan: multi-dive days on offshore reefs/atolls to look for pelagic action (where conditions and local guidance align) plus vibrant coral gardens and large schools of fish.
  • Snorkel/kayak a sheltered Red Sea bay or lagoon for close-up reef life-ideal for non-divers traveling with divers, and a great way to spend surface intervals.
  • Desert wildlife tracking excursion on the edge of the Nubian/Bayuda deserts: travel by 4x4 with a local guide to search for signs of gazelles, foxes, and desert-adapted birdlife; combine with night sky viewing.
  • Wetland sunset photography session at a Nile reservoir/river bend: focus on silhouettes of waterbirds, fishermen, and papyrus/reed edges-an accessible, high-reward wildlife-and-culture blend near urban centers.
  • Multi-day "expedition safari" to remote savanna reserves (where feasible): self-sufficient camping, long game-drive loops, and spotlighting for nocturnal wildlife-best for experienced travelers who enjoy exploration and low crowds.

Safari Types Available

  • 4x4 game drives (classic savanna wildlife viewing; best in the dry season)
  • Guided walking safaris / nature walks (often ranger-led; track-and-ecology focused)
  • Boat-based wildlife viewing on the Nile (birding, crocodile/hippo searches where present, river scenery)
  • Dedicated birding safaris (wetlands, reservoirs, river islands; migratory-season focused)
  • Marine wildlife trips: scuba diving and snorkeling safaris (reefs, pelagic encounters, atolls)
  • Liveaboard-style dive expeditions (multi-day offshore diving when available)
  • Desert 4x4 eco-excursions (tracking desert fauna, birding, night drives/skywatching)
  • Photographic safaris (timed for golden hours at wetlands, mayas, and reefs)
  • Camping-based expedition safaris (self-sufficient travel to remote protected areas with limited facilities)
Fun Facts

Did You Know?

Sudan isn't just desert wildlife: it has a UNESCO-listed coral-reef stronghold. The Sanganeb Atoll and the Dungonab Bay-Mukkawar Island Marine National Park (inscribed together on UNESCO's World Heritage List in 2016) protect coral reefs, seagrass meadows, and key habitat for dugongs and marine turtles in the Red Sea.

One of Sudan's flagship wildlife areas is built around temporary lakes, not permanent rivers: Dinder's "mayas" (seasonal floodplain basins) fill after rains and then shrink in the dry season, pulling wildlife and large numbers of waterbirds into dense, easy-to-spot congregations.

A globally rare land-sea contrast happens on Sudan's Red Sea coast: within a short distance you can move from hyper-arid desert plains to high-biodiversity coral reefs - meaning a "desert country" can simultaneously be important for both gazelles/other arid-land fauna and reef ecosystems.

Remote Red Sea islands off Sudan (notably around Mukkawar Island) are major seabird breeding sites, supporting colonies of terns and gulls; the isolation of these islands is part of what keeps nesting success high compared with more developed coastlines.

Home to the Red Sea's only true atoll: Sanganeb Marine National Park is a ring-shaped offshore coral reef (an atoll) - unique in the entire Red Sea basin - and a major habitat for reef fish, sharks, and nesting seabirds.

Sudan contains a major stretch of one of the world's longest river systems (the Nile), creating a long, continuous ribbon of riparian habitat and wetlands across otherwise arid landscapes - an important north-south route for migratory birds.

Dinder National Park (established 1935) is one of Africa's oldest national parks, created specifically to protect Sahel-savanna wildlife and the park's seasonal floodplain wetlands ("mayas") that concentrate animals and waterbirds in the dry season.

Wadi Howar ("the Yellow Nile") is one of the Sahara's longest fossil river systems (often cited at ~1,100 km), a vast ancient drainage corridor that once supported savanna and wetland wildlife deep into what is now desert.

Once isolated and mostly unknown, what was formerly Africa’s largest country, Sudan, contains nearly 1.9 million square kilometers of territory. The great Nile River flows south to north through a land that is relatively lush in the south and a barren desert in the north.

Animals Native To Sudan

Animals native to Sudan include many of the most commonly known African species such as lions, elephants, giraffes, and rhinoceros. Large herds of African buffalo and various antelope species are present, including many types of gazelles, kudu, and the famous but now endangered Nubian Ibex with its signature corkscrew horns.

The apex predators such as lion, leopard, and cheetah are matched by the many canine carnivores such as the African wild dog, spotted and striped hyena, and Asiatic and black-backed jackal. As many as 9 primate species are found in Sudan, including the wide-ranging baboon and chimpanzee. Sudan is also something of a paradise for bat species, with at least 62 distinct varieties having been identified.

Unusual Animals Of Sudan

Unusual species found in Sudan include the rabbit-like hyrax and 3 types of pangolins, better known in China than in Africa. Two types of highly endangered African wildlife are found on game preserves but no longer in the wild. These are the forest-dwelling antelope known as a Bongo and the highly-endangered grassland dwelling Scimitar-horned Oryx, which is thought to be the creature of origin for unicorn horns in ancient times.

The animals in Sudan also comprise a large number of rodent species and many small predators such as polecats, foxes, wild cats, and civets. One species of zebra is found as well as three shrews and one member of the aardvark family.

Dangerous Sudanese Animals

Among the dangerous Sudanese animals are the large feline species of lion, leopard, and cheetah, as well as the many organized canine pack species such as hyena and jackal.

Extinct Animals in Sudan

Chief among the extinct animals in Sudan are the Northern White Rhinoceros, while the ibex, oryx, and chimpanzee are approaching that status within the country of Sudan itself although captive populations remain elsewhere.

Animals Found in Sudan

166 species documented in our encyclopedia

Aardvark Addax African Civet African Elephant African Fish Eagle African Jacana Agama Lizard Antelope Aoudad Sheep Armyworm Asp Australian Firehawk Avocet Baboon Barb Barn Owl Barn Swallow Bee-Eater Bichir Bigfin Reef Squid Blacktip Reef Shark Blind Snake Blue Tang Booby Boxfish Brown-banded Cockroach Buffalo Camel Camel Spider Caracal Chameleon Cichlid Cobras Crane Crocodile Crocodylomorph Darkling Beetle Desert Locust Dik-Dik Dolphin Donkey Dormouse Dugong Eel catfish Egret Egyptian Cobra (Egyptian Asp) Egyptian Goose Egyptian Vulture Electric Catfish Elephant Emperor Angelfish Eurasian Sparrowhawk European Bee-Eater Fennec Fox Finch Flycatcher Fox Frigatebird Fruit Bat Fulvous Whistling Duck Gazelle Gecko Gerbil Giant Trevally Giraffe Golden Oriole Goose Great Egret Green Bee-Eater Grey Heron Grey Reef Shark Ground Squirrel Guinea Fowl Hare Hartebeest Hedgehog Hippopotamus Honey Badger Honey Bee Hoopoe Hornbill Horned Viper Hyena Ibex Jacana Jackrabbit Jerboa Kenyan Sand Boa Kestrel Khapra Beetle Killifish Klipspringer Lappet-faced Vulture Lawnmower Blenny Leopard Leopard Tortoise Lionfish Lizard Locust Lungfish Madora Moth Marabou Stork Milkfish Mongoose Monitor Lizard Monkey Mudskipper Neptune Grouper Night Heron Nightingale Nile Crocodile Nile Monitor Nile Perch Oleander Hawk Moth Olive Baboon Orchid Dottyback Oribi Ortolan Bunting Ostrich Otter Oxpecker Pangolin Panther Partridge Patas Monkey Pink Bollworm Polka Dot Stingray Porcupine Puff Adder Python Red Spitting Cobra Red-Billed Quelea Bird Redstart Rhombic Egg-Eater Snake River Turtle Rock Hyrax Rock Python Sand Viper Sardines Savannah Monitor Sawfish Scimitar-horned Oryx Senegal Parrot Snowflake Eel Sparrow Spitting Cobra Squirrelfish Stiletto Snake Stonechats Stonefish Stork Striped Hyena Sulcata Tortoise Tarantula Tarpon Tortoise Uromastyx (Spiny-Tailed Lizard) Vervet Monkey Viper Vulture Warthog Waterbuck Weaver Birds Whinchat Wryneck Xerus

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